Download Zimbabwe - PBworks

Zimbabwe
Economic Development – some data
which will hopefully generate
questions and ideas for our meetings
Geographic Location
GDP data
Economic Freedom Score – Heritage
Organisation - USA
Some important numbers
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Exports $1,520,000,000.00 [127th of 189]
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GDP $5,010,452,000.00 [122nd of 203]
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GDP > Real growth rate -5.5% [187th of 198]
GINI index 50.1 [10th of 40]
Gross National Income
$6,164,300,000.00[93rd of 0]
Human Development Index 0.505[146th of 0]
Broadband users
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Broadband subscribers 10,185 [80th of 117]
Hosts 19,157 [95th of 228]
International Internet bandwidth > Mbps 51
Mbps [61st of 167]
Internet Service Providers 6[101st of 229]
ISP 6 [81st of 162]
Live journal users 600[40th of 226]
Price basket for Internet > US$ per month
24.58 $/month [78th of 180]
Secure Internet servers 3 [148th of 183]
Users 1,351,000 [66th of 190]
Education
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Average years of schooling of adults
5.4[59th of 100]
Children out of school, primary 429,275
[21st of 126]
Duration of compulsory education 7
years[125th of 171]
Duration of education > Primary level
7[5th of 181]
Duration of education > Secondary level
6[76th of 181]
Education spending (% of GDP)
4.7%[65th of 132]
Education, primary completion rate 80
[105th of 148]
Education
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Enrolment ratio > Secondary level
40.4%[98th of 135]
Female teachers > Lower secondary
37.4%[20th of 20]
Geographical aptitude results 54.913[190th of 191]
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 13 1,375
hours[2nd of 38]
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 9 753
hours[26th of 38]
Library books 100,590[69th of 81]
Literacy > Male 94.2% [69th of 156]
Literacy > Total population 90.7% [79th of 160]
Public spending per student > Primary level
13.2[69th of 126]
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary 38.56 [26th of 159]
Spending on teaching materials 1.3[20th of 30]
Teaching weeks per year > Primary 39 weeks per
year[18th of 36]
Tertiary enrolment 3.9%[117th of 151]
Some more data
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Income distribution > Poorest 10%
2%[81st of 114]
Income distribution > Richest 10%
40.4%[19th of 114]
Population below poverty line 80%
[2nd of 46]
Population under $1 a day 36[15th of 59]
Poverty > Share of all poor people 0.41 % of
world's poor[25th of 80]
Public debt 218.2 % of GDP [1st of 121]
Technological achievement 0.22[54th of 68]
Just where do we start?
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The distribution of income in most developing countries
is highly unequal, more than under the mixed
economic systems of the developed world. Typically,
the poorest two-fifths of the population receive only
one eighth of total incomes, and the richest one-fifth
receive more than a half of the total.
The income of many people living in the developing
world is so small that they live in conditions of
permanent poverty
Most developing countries are marked by much
unemployment and underemployment of labour; with
perhaps as much as 40% of the workforce underutilised in some degree.
A very high percentage of the population work on the
land
Two very different approaches
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Trickle-down; the theory that
urged governments to concentrate
on maximising the rate of growth of
output in the economy on the
assumption that this growth would
benefit all major groups in the
society.
Whilst others believe in…
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Bottom up – where resources are
concentrated on micro sized
projects which then empower the
lower income groups to create
wealth, infrastructure and
eventually revenue for government
Perhaps a combination of the two is
the best way
Let’s think about Zimbabwe
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Unified state
High level of natural resource
Well trained workforce
Infrastructure
Capital Resources
Foreign Direct Investment
Inter-Regional Trade
Rather a promising list
Some other numbers
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GDP structure Agriculture: 16.7%,
Industry: 21.6%, Services: 61.6%
(2007)
Labour force distribution Agriculture: 60%, Services: 9%,
Wholesale, Retail, Hotels,
Restaurants: ~4%, Manufacturing:
4%, Mining: 3%
More numbers…
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Exports - USD $1.775 billion (2006 est.)
Main exports - Cotton, tobacco, gold, ferroalloys,
textiles/clothing
Going to - South Africa 36.4%, (China, Japan,
Zambia) 7.3% each, Mozambique 4.7%, (US,
Botswana, Italy, Germany, Netherlands) 3.6%
each
Imports - USD $2.059 billion (2005 est.) f.o.b.
Consisting of - machinery and transport
equipment, other manufactures, chemicals, fuels
Coming from - South Africa 43%, China 4.6%,
Botswana 3.3%
More numbers - energy
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Production 8.877 billion kWh
Consumption 11.22 billion kWh
Exports0 kWh
Imports 3.3 billion kWh
9.50% from Democratic Republic of
Congo
19.0% from Mozambique
28.5% from Zambia
43.0% from South Africa
GDP
Population Growth