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República Argentina
Argentine Republic
Capital: Buenos Aires
~ Stefan Stoev
Basic facts
Neighbors: Uruguay, Brazil, Paraguay,
Bolivia and Chile
Administrative Divisions: 23 provinces
and 1 federal district
Climate: temperate, with extremes
ranging from subtropical in the
north to subpolar in the south
Natural Resources: fertile plains of the
pampas, lead, zinc, tin, copper, iron
ore, manganese, petroleum,
uranium
Government: Federal Republic
President: Néstor Kirchner
Currency: Argentine Peso(ARS)
Geography/Demography
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Area: 2,766,890 sq km (1,068,296 sq mi)
Population: 40,301,927
Population density: 14.46/sq km
Population growth rate: 0.938
Net migration rate: 0.4 migrants/1000 population
Life expectancy: total population: 76.32 years
male: 72.6 years
female: 80.24 years
• Ethnic groups: 97% white, 3% others
• Religion: 92% Roman-catholic, 2% Protestant, 2% Jewish, 4% others
• Language: Spanish
Economy
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GDP(PPP): $599.1 billion
GDP(official exchange rate): $210 billion
GDP per capita (PPP): $15,000
GDP Growth rate: 8.5%(2006)
GDP composition by sectors: agriculture—9.5%
industry—35.8%
services—54.7%
Inflation Rate: 10%
Unemployment Rate: 10.2%
Government Budget: expenditures—$47.6 billion
revenues—$52.1 billion
balance—$4.5 billion
Outstanding public debt: 62.2% of GDP
Current Account Balance: $5.81 billion
Imports/Exports
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Export commodities: edible oils, fuels and energy, cereals, feed, motor vehicles
Export partners: Brazil(15,8%), US(11,4%), Chile(11,2%), China(7,9%)
Import commodities: machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, chemicals, metal
manufactures, plastics
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Import Partners: Brazil(35,9%), US(14,1%), China(7,8%), Germany(4,5%)
Local Trade Agreements
• Mercosur—central part of the Argentine foreign
policy
• FTAA—after 2005, marked a split between Mercosur
and NAFTA countries
• 294 bilateral agreements
Fiscal Policy
• A positive growth through the 1990’s under Menem.
• Financial crisis and default in 2001 due to high debt, high
budget deficit and negative account balance
• Budget surplus and increased tax collection since the crisis of
2001-2002
Monetary Policy
• Problems with inflation
• The peso had a fixed exchange rate to the USD since
1991 which stopped the inflation
• The peso was let to float in 2002 due to the crisis;
this led to a quick depreciation
• Inflation again became a problem after 2002
Social Programs
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Population below poverty line: 31.4%
Unemployment: 10.2%
High income inequality (gini coeff. of 0.64)
Good healthcare and social security services
High literacy and universal education
External Relations
• Good external relations with most
countries
• Currently increased ties with Hugo
Chavez (Venezuela)
• Dispute with UK for the Falkland
islands
• Disputes with Uruguay
Reference
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The CIA(2007), CIA World Factbook: Argentina. Retrieved May 16, 2007 from
http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ar.html
The Economist, The Economist Intelligence Unit. Retrieved May 15, 2007 from
http://economist.com/countries/Argentina/
Encyclopedia Britannica (2007). Argentina. Retrieved May 20, 2007 from
http://search.eb.com/eb/article-9109725
Central bank of Argentina (2007). Monetary Policy. Retrieved May 16, 2007 from
http://www.bcra.gov.ar/
Argentine Government (2007). Economy. Retrieved May 20, 2007 from
http://www.argentina.gov.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=391
BBC News (2007). Country Profiles: Argentina. Retrieved May 21, 2007 from
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1192478.stm
Background notes. Argentina, Retrieved May 18, 2007 from
http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/26516.htm