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Hungary
Zrece 25-27.Sept.2012.
Report by- affiliates of Industriall
European TUs in Hungary
 Mining and Energy Industry Workers' Trade Union





/ Miners & Light industry/
Building, Wood and Building Material Workers'
Unions / Builders /
MOL Miners' Union / Oil & Gas / MOL /
Metalworkers' Trade Union Federation / Metal /
Hungarian Chemical, Energy and Allied Workers'
Unions / Chemical /
United Federation of Workers' Trade Union of
Electricity / Electricity/
Data of TU density
/organization rates/
Union members and organizations
rate
2007
Miners &
Light
industry
2008
2009
2010
2011
Organiz.
rate %
(2012.)
22626 21418
19971 19833 19363 58
Metal
29.416 28.856
27.674 25.362 23.957 22,3
Chemical
28.900 28.200
29.700 29.800 30.600 45
Builders
MOL
Electricity
New members
2007
Miners & 700
Light
industry
2008
2009
2010
2011
650
520
940
750
Builders
MOL
Metal
1.372
3.003
2.297
1.979
1.937
Chemical
2520
2840
4750
3800
2705
Electricity
The main factors influencing TU density /1/
 Positive:
 Conscious and particular attention paid to the new,
mostly large enterprises.
 A trade union official capacity and commitment
towards recruitment.
 Number of employees in the workplace.
 Factors affecting working conditions
 Union services for their members.
The main factors influencing TU density / /2/
 Negative:
 Small, scattered plants of enterprises.
 Agency work.
 The workers' fear, belittling the trade union protection.
 Negative attitudes of employers, the organization's founding executives may be
put in a disadvantageous situation
 Job losses, plant closures
 Former members, officers retiring or leaving the company or the sector too.
 Lack of interest of young people.
 Competition among trade unions (membership fee)
Basic information about Hungary
.
Parliament-Government
 2010: FIDESZ- Christian-Democratic Party 2/3
majority (68,1 % )
 Hungarian Socialist Party ( 15,8 % )
 Right wing ( Better ) ( radical ) 12,1 %
 Politics Can Be Different (liberal ) 4,15 %
Government of Viktor Orban: right wing populist
„ Total offensive football” Attacks against:
Constitution, pension system, tax system,
reconciliation, social benefits, labor code, etc..
Population
1990
2000
2005
2011
Population
(million)
10,375
10.220
10.098
9.985
Births
(thousand
people)
12,1
9,6
9,7
8,8
Mortality
(thousand
people)
14,0
13,3
13,5
12,9
Macroeconomic indicators
2008 2009
%
%
Budget deficit
2010
%
2011
%
2012 I-VII
%
-3,3
-3,6
-3,2
-2,9
-2,5
/planned/
2,7
-6,75
1,2
1,7
-1,3
Inflation
6,1
4,2
4,9
3,9
6,0 (aug )
Unemployment
8,0
10,5
11.2
10,7
10,9
Real Earnings
0,7
-2,4
1,9
1,4
-3,6
(percentage of GDP)
GDP growth
( annual average )
2017.05.23.
Share of sectors in the industrial production, employment and
wages
Product.
Employment
%
thous.peopl
Mining, textile,
garment, leather
1,8
74,8
Construction
8,4
Gross/net wages
%
€ ( 1=280 HUF )
8,6
Mining: 909 / 595
Light ind: 475 / 310
264
30,2
559
384
Oil-Gas / MOL /
8,3
6,1
Metal industry
58,9
377.7
0,7
43,3
?
784
505
Chemical
15,4
112,2
12,9
1171
750
Electricity
7,2
38,1
4,36
1355
859
Main problems
 Economic downturn / production-investment /
 Loss in Competitiveness (-12 ranks )
 Reduction in real wages ( changes in taxes, inflation, income)
 Attack against workers' rights (lack of interest reconciliation, new LC,
flexibility without security)
 Attack against union rights / strike right, LC /
 Attack against institutions of democracy / (Constitutional Court, Media
Law, new Electoral Law)
 Attack against social welfare system ( unemployment- and social
benefits, health care )
 Hopelessness of young people ( education, tuition fee, increased
migration)
The Hungarian economy has lost its impetus
 A magyar gazdaság elvesztette lendületét
GDP év/év
104.0
102.0
100.0
98.0
96.0
94.0
92.0
90.0
88.0
86.0
I.
II.
III.
2008
IV.
I.
II.
III.
2009
IV.
I.
II.
III.
2010
 Társadalom is elvesztette esélyét…
IV.
I.
II.
III.
2011
IV.
I.
2012
Changes in Investments
Year 2005 as average price
Investments in 2011-2012
%
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
2011
2012
1. n.év
2. n.év
3. n.év
4. n.év
Industrial production
Ind. production
domestic sales
export sales
Construction
Construction (total)
Buildings
Other structures
Employment
 Alig dolgozunk arányaiban többen, mint a válság mélypontján
Foglalkoztatási ráta
57.5
57.0
56.5
56.0
55.5
55.0
54.5
54.0
53.5
53.0
I.
II.
III.
2008.
IV.
I.
II.
III.
2009.
IV.
I.
II.
III.
2010.
IV.
I.
II.
III.
2011.
IV.
I.
2012.
Employment rate(15-64 years)
 Compared to the EU average: half a million fewer people are working in
Hungary
foglalkoztatási ráta (15-64 év)
2011.
68
66
Kb. 500 ezer új
munkahely, kb. 780
milliárd forint
többlet állami
bevétel, és 800
milliárd forint a
dolgozóknál maradó
pénz
64
62
60
58
56
54
52
50
EU-27
Csehország
Lengyelország
Románia
Szlovénia
Szlovákia
Magyarország
Regional differences
 In Budapest, 15-64 years: 62.6% of 1.17 million people are
working. This is below the EU average!
 In Northern Hungary: only 46.4%!! are employed!
 Regional economic drawbacks cause higher social
disadvantages too!
Increase in workers’ poverty
 Due to low wages and rising prices, even workers with jobs
get poorer.
2 adults +2
children
Estimated family income
( with guaranteed minimal
wage )
190 000 HUF= 678 €
-53 000 HUF=
-189 €/month
Poverty line :2 adults + 2 children
243.429 HUF, = 869 €
Changes in consumer prices /jan-july
Average infl.: 5,8%, food products:7,5%, fuels:8,2 %, energy: 6,9 %
The objectives of trade unions
 Support for collective bargaining/ wage negotiations
 Protection of rights
 Member Retention and recruiting of members.
 Training, education.
 Involvement of young people
 Support for cooperation between Works Councils and
EWCs.
 Future:
 Restoration following the Orban government /
rights, dialogues /
 Strengthening cooperation among industrial unions
( merger )
Collective Bargaining
Levels of Collective Bargaining
 National:
 National Economic and Social Council / instead of National
Interest Reconciliation Council/
 Private Sector Standing Consultative Forum
 Sectoral:
 Sectoral Dialogue Committees
 Company:
 Right of Trade Unions: to conclude Collective Agreements
 Right of Works Councils : to conclude Works Agreements
Coverage by Coll.Agreements %
Sectoral
Companies Employees
*100 %
58 %
69 %
Metal
no
65 %
81,4
Chemical
More
employers
90%
90%
Miners
Builders
MOL
Electricity
*Electricity industry and coal mining for energy industry
The main problems of CBA negotiations
 Changes in Labour Code ( from July 1)
 Earlier: the collective bargaining rights of the Union depended
on the election outcome of Works Council
/ The Union had to at least 10 % of the total votes /
 Now: The Union members must account for at least 10 % of
the total employees of company.
 More flexibility for employers.
 Less benefits to the employees.
 Rules for publicly owned companies are negatives in LC
 Recession.
 Tax and earning policy of the Government
Results of wage negotiations 2012
wage negotiations
Miners &
Light ind.
/ companies %
Average
growth %
Cafeteria
growth %
100 %
*20 % ( gross)
Appr. 4 %
average
Reason: 80 % of the
workers - earn
around the minimum
wage.
Builders
MOL
Metal
Chemical
Electricity
57
80
Expected by
Government
2-5
(appr. 5%) +2,2
Tax 2012: 31 %
8,6
17
Tax 2011: 19 %
THANK YOU VERY MUCH
FOR YOUR ATTENTION