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Transcript 
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry



the study of compounds containing carbon
that is chemically bonded to hydrogen.
(synthesis, identification, modeling, and
chemical reactions)
study of the structure, properties,
composition, reactions, and preparation
(by synthesis or by other means) of
hydrocarbons and their derivatives.
study of carbon or the study of chemicals
in living organisms
May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
163 definition
In identifying molecules as inorganic
or organic we will use the following
specific definition:
Compounds containing carbon
•EXCEPT CO, CO2, CO3
May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Hydrocarbons

Carbon Hydrogen molecules
Methane CH4
May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
hydrocarbons
Aromatic compounds
Aliphatic compounds
Single bonds
Double
Triple
Benzene element
Rings
May 23, 2017
(NOT Benzene)
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Construct
Ethane C2H6 [ane]
Alkanes
all single bonds
Methane CH4
Ethane
C2H6
Propane C3H8
Butane
C4H10

May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Construct
Ethylene C2H4 [ene]
Alkenes
contains double bonds
Ethylene C2H4
Proplyene C3H8

May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
functional group

A functional group is a molecular module, and the
reactivity of that functional group is assumed,
within limits, to be the same in a variety of
molecules
saturated
Saturate means no double carbon bonds. No
more hydrogen can be added.

Isomer

Same formula but a different structure
May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
isomer
Build two isomers of butane C4H10
 Isobutane, n-butane

May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Groups
Methy
Ethyl
-CH3
–CH2-CH3
Amino –NH3
Flouro –F
Nitro -NO3
May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Construct
Ethyne C2H2 [yne]
Alkynes
contains triple bonds
Ethyne C2H2
(aceteylene)
Propyne C3H4

May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Construct
Cyclobutane C4H10 [cyclo..ane]
CycloAlkanes
all single bonds
CycloPropane C3H6
CylcoButane
C4H8

May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Construct
Benzene
Aromatic
6-carbon rings
 Benzene
C6H6
 napthalene
C10H8

May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Alcohols

alcohol is any organic compound in which
a hydroxyl functional group (-OH) is
bound to a saturated carbon atom
ethanol, C2H5OH
May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Name of
alcohol
Chemical formula of alcohol
methanol
CH3OH
ethanol
CH3CH2OH or C2H5OH
propan-1-ol
CH3CH2CH2OH or C3H7OH
propan-2-ol
CH3CH(OH)CH3
May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Structure of
alcohol
Sugar  Alcohol
C6H12O6 2CO2 + 2CH3CH2OH
Glucose
ethanol
May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Ethers R-O-R’
 Aldehyes Keytones (acetone)
 Carboxylic Acid
 Esters
 Amines

May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Hydrocarbons
Alkanes
Alkenes
Alkynes
Only C and H present
Only single bonds
Double bond(s) between two carbons
Triple bond(s) between two carbons
Aromatic
Alcohols
Ethers
Aldehydes
Ketones
R, R', and R'' r
epresent hydrocarbon
groups (alkyl groups)
Carboxylic Acids
Esters
Amines
Amides
May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Groups
May 23, 2017
GSCI 163 Spring 2010
Organic molecules
Proteins
 Sugars
 Carbohydrates
 Fats
 Cellulose
 Plastic
 Rubber

May 23, 2017
DNA
 Hormones
 Alcohols
 Propane

GSCI 163 Spring 2010
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