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ALCOHOLS Aliphatic Methanol Ethanol Aromatic Glycerol Benzyl alcohol Methanol Ethanol Glycerol Benzyl alcohol Physical properties: State Liquid, mobily, true Liquid, viscous, true Color Colorless Odor Characteristic odor Liquid, oily, true Butter almond odor Ignition test: Inflammability Change in appearance Change in odor Color imparted to the flame Residue Comment Inflammable, non luminous, non smoky Inflammable, luminous, smoky Volatilization No change No change No residue The compounds are aliphatic The compound is aromatic Acid– base properties: [Solubility or Miscibility] Methanol H2O L.P. Dil. HCl Ethanol Glycerol Benzyl alcohol Miscible in H2O Immiscible No change Immiscible 10% NaOH Immiscible Conc. H2SO4 Immiscible Comment: All the compounds are neutral Preliminary test: Methanol Soda lime On cold: On hot: 30% NaOH Ethanol Glycerol Benzyl alcohol Not done (only for solid) On cold: On hot: No reaction in all FeCl3 On cold: On hot: Conc. H2SO4 On cold: On hot: No reaction in all Benzyl alcohol + 3-4 drops Conc. H2SO4 (on the wall) No reaction in all Dirty gleatinous white ppt Not done General test: Oxidation test: OX. Methanol Ethanol OX. Benzyl alcohol OX. Formaldehyde Acetaldehyde OX. OX. Benzaldehyde Formic acid Acetic acid OX. Benzoic acid Methanol Ethanol Specific test: 1. Iodoform test Alcohol + 10% NaOH + xss I2 No yellow ppt Yellow ppt Methanol Specific test: 2. Esterification test Ethanol Specific test: 3. Borax test for glycerol Borax + H2O (to dissolve it) + 2 drops ph.ph. + glycerol Disappearance of pink color (( glycerol borate)) very strong acid 4. Conc. H2SO4 test for benzyl alcohol Benzyl alcohol + Conc. H2SO4 Dirty white gelatinous ppt IR Location 3500 – 3200 cm -1 < 3000 cm -1 > 3000 cm -1 Comment OH functional gp streatching band CH aliphatic streatching band CH aromatic streatching band