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Transcript 
Smart City Testbed
Chen-Ching Liu
Anurag Srivastava
Adam Hahn
Testbed Overview
Comprehensive research and collaboration testbed spanning across all
power system domains
Objectives
Self-Healing Power Grids
Integration of Smart
Meters and Microgrids and
Associated SocioEconomic Issues
Capabilities
Control
Data
Electric power distribution
network
Energy
Management
System
Simulation
Integration with wide area
transmission network
Distribution
Management
System
Real-world
Electricity market simulation
environment
Information, communications and
control technology
Renewable energy and storage
devices
Meter Data
Management
Transmission
Communication
(DNP/OPC)
Distribution
Distribution Control Center
Communication
(DNP/OPC)
Distribution Substation
x
Smart City Testbed
• ADD Picture
Smart Grid Demonstration and
Research Investigation Lab (SGDRIL)
Use Case #1: Substation Intrusion Detection
Intrusion into a substation network
Other Corporate
Intranets
Transmission line
Transmission line
User
Interfaces
`
`
Corporate WAN
Dispatcher
Training
Simulators
...
Primary Control
Center Network
Firewall
Application
Servers
...
Remote Access Network
through Dial-up, VPN,
or Wireless
SCADA Database
Servers Servers
Firewall
Modem
`
Simulators
Frame Relay Network /
Radiowave / Dedicated Line
Hackers
...
...
`
Application
Servers
SCADA Database
Servers Servers
Modem
`
User
Interfaces
Data
Concentrator
Firewall
Router
Modem
Substation Network
...
Breaker
Feeder
User
Interfaces
...
Breaker
Breaker
Transformer
Busbar
Secondary
Dispatcher Control Center
Training
Network
Breaker
Busbar
Vendor
Personnel or
Site Engineers
Firewall
Modem
...
Breaker
...
Breaker
Breaker
Feeder
Transformer
...
Breaker
Feeder
Breaker
...
...
Breaker
...
Breaker
Feeder
Busbar
...
Breaker
Feeder
Breaker
Feeder
Potential threats in a substation
based on IEC 61850
Compromise
userinterface
Station
Level
Gain
access to
bay level
devices
Bay
IED
Level
Process
Level
Modify
GOOSE
message
Userinterface
Relay
Actuator
Circuit
Breaker
GPS
Change
device
settings
PMU
Merging
Unit
CT and VT
Generate
fabricated
analog
values Relays
IEEE 39 bus system (DIgSILENT)
4. Bus 28
3. Bus 15
2. Bus 12
1. Bus 6
5. Bus 36
7. Bus 34
6. Bus 33
Simultaneous attacks – without ADS
IEEE 39 bus system (DIgSILENT)
Gen 10
4. Bus 28
Gen 9
3. Bus 15
Gen 6
Gen 1
2. Bus 12
1. Bus 6
5. Bus 36
7. Bus 34
Gen 2
Gen 3
6. Bus 33
Without ADS - Blackout
IEEE 39 bus system (DIgSILENT)
Frequency
Voltage
Attack Start
Attack End
Without ADS - Blackout
13
IEEE 39 bus system (DIgSILENT)
Voltage
Frequency
With ADS - Normal
Use Case #2: Wide Area Applications
PMU Testing
Analog Test Signals
Test
PMU
C37.118.1 Data
C37.118.1 Data
Phasor Data
Concentrator
(PDC)
.csv Data
(Offline)
RTDS
Automatically
generated
PMU test report
Testing of Synchrophasor Applications
Programmable
PMU
Power system Simulator
(ie : RTDS, OPAL-RT, PSS/E,
Powerworld, PowerFactory) PMUs
PDCs
Applications
Real Power system
PDCs
Applications
PMUs
Use Case #3: Cyber-Physical Analysis
Cyber-Physical Analysis
Communication Delay in
IEEE-14 Bus Test Case
Communication Delay in
IEEE-30 Bus Test Case
Real Time Simulation for Aurora Attack
Aurora attack with local
beaker opening
Aurora attack with remote beaker opening
Breaker opening and out of synchronism
reclosing
Use Case #4: Microgrid Control
Real Time Energy Management
and Control for Microgrid
Thanks
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