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Development of an Electromagnetic Boundary Layer Flow Control Facility Using Conductive Nanoparticle Seeding Introduction •Research in magnetohydrodynamics related to aerodynamics and propulsion has yielded few feasible applications, mainly because their power consumption would require generators far too large to fit onto an aerospace vehicle •Electromagnetic flow control utilizes the Lorentz body force, which is created from the cross product of the current and magnetic fields •Applying the Lorentz force only in the boundary layer of an airflow reduces the power consumption 1-2 orders of magnitude •The Lorentz body force only works on an ionized substance, so several novel methods of creating ionization by seeding conductive nanoparticles into the upstream airflow of a wind tunnel are being researched •After the airflow is seeded it is passed through a high voltage field (up to 20 kV) to effectively tear apart low ionization energy molecules (i.e. potassium carbonate), creating a ‘cold’ plasma that is passed through a Lorentz force field •The Lorentz force field causes a pressure change over the actuator surface, eliminating the need for conventional control mechanisms like ailerons and flaps The University of Texas A R L I N G T O N Be A Maverick. ™ Seed Particle Injector Aerodynamics Research Center (http://arc.uta.edu) Prof. Frank K. Lu ([email protected]) Prof. Don R. Wilson ([email protected]) Richard R. Mitchell ([email protected]) Eric M. Braun ([email protected]) Akihiro Nozawa ([email protected]) Phone: 817-272-5120 Fax: 817-272-5124 Lorentz Force Actuator •The figure below shows surface electrodes and Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering embedded neodymium magnets interchanged to (http://www-mae.uta.edu) create a Lorentz force, L, that accelerates the airflow, U. Seeded Airflow Ionization •This produces •The seeded air is ionized with a 20 kV power a Lorentz force supply split between electrodes placed with a series of perpendicular to the flow (~1” separation) spikes •The figures below show the ionization plate and corresponding to the the cold plasma generated when potassium carbonate is spread between two of the electrodes boundaries of the magnets and electrodes •In the second figure, the z•Conductivities in the literature obtained from axis ionization of pure air are on the order of .1 corresponds to mho/m, we are looking for much higher values the Lorentz •These higher values lead to an unknown Lorentz force direction force actuator power consumption, so its power supply is modular and can support a range of •Experimental information will be gathered to conductivities produce an understanding of the magnitude of the pressure changes induced by electromagnetic •DC batteries were used to build this power geometry, voltage, conductivity, particle type and supply, which supplies each of up to 3 electrode pairs with 120-600 V and up to 12 kW of power size, etc. Future Work •After low speed testing, this facility has been designed for high speed testing in the Aerodynamics Research Center newly-upgraded supersonic wind tunnel •Several publications detailing are in progress