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Transcript
Electricity (Uses, closed and open circuits, bulbs in parallel and series arrangements) Images from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks3bitesize/science/physics/electricity_intro.shtml http://www.mcpasd.k12.wi.us/kms/bookmarks/circuits/circuit_symbols.html P5 Science/ Electricity/HBL T3W1 2009/danielle Day 2: What are some uses of electricity? - Some items in our homes are mains- powered while some are battery- powered. - Mains- powered means they have to be connected to a power socket. For example, the iron, the television - Battery- powered means batteries are enough to power them. For example, handphones, IPods P5 Science/ Electricity/HBL T3W1 2009/danielle What are closed and open circuits? - A simple electrical circuit is made up of the following: power source (batteries or connection to power sockets) light bulb or light bulbs wires switch or switches (some circuits might not have switches) What are closed and open circuits? - A closed circuit is a circuit which electricity can flow from the power source to the electrical appliance that needs to be powered. - Note that there are no gaps in a closed circuit. What are closed and open circuits? - An open circuit is a circuit which electricity cannot flow from the power source to the electrical appliance. gap - Note that there is a gap in an open circuit. Day 3: Symbols of a circuit diagram - You have seen two electrical circuits in the previous slides - But it would be hard to draw pictures of a bulb and the batteries. - So, we usually use symbols to represent the bulbs and batteries and even switches. Symbols of a circuit diagram - The different symbols we use for a basic circuit diagram are as below: bulb : battery: wire: switch: Simple circuit diagrams - A simple closed circuit diagram would look like this: Look at how the wires are drawn straight Circuit drawn with pictures Circuit drawn with symbols - Note that there are no gaps in the circuits Simple circuit diagrams - A simple open circuit diagram would look like this: Look at how the wires are drawn straight gap gap - Note that there is a gap in the open circuit. Day 5: Bulbs arranged in Series and Parallel - Bulbs can be arranged in Series or Parallel. - The way the bulbs are arranged will affect the brightness of the bulbs. Bulbs arranged in Series and Parallel - This is an example of a circuit diagram with bulbs arranged in parallel: 1.5V - If the battery has a voltage of 1.5V, then each of these 3 bulbs will get a voltage of 1.5V. Bulbs arranged in Series and Parallel - To draw an electrical circuit with bulbs arranged in parallel, it will be like this: 1.5V 1.5V 1.5V - Each of the bulb has its own path of electricity. Therefore the amount of electricity is the same for every bulb. Bulbs arranged in Series and Parallel - What are the advantages of having a circuit with bulbs in a parallel arrangement? Bulb still lights up Bulb fused - When one of the bulbs, fuses, the current will just simply flow to the other bulb. The other bulb will still light up because it has a separate path. Bulbs arranged in Series and Parallel - An electrical circuit with bulbs arranged in series will look like this: 1.5V - If the battery has a voltage of 1.5V, then this is shared among the three bulbs. Bulbs arranged in Series and Parallel - To draw an electrical circuit with bulbs arranged in series, it will be like this: Bulbs arranged in Series and Parallel - In a series arrangement, the current will flow through the bulbs, one after another. - Therefore, if one of the bulbs fuses, the circuit will become an open circuit. - The other bulbs will not light up. Bulb no longer lights up Bulb fused