Download Transmission Equivilance

Transmission Equivalence
Richard V. Kowalski
Manager, Transmission Planning
ISO New England
Power System Purpose
• The power system exists to serve load
• Generation to supply load
• Transmission to “move” generation to load
• (Load “limiting” to reduce power system needs)
• Need enough (per criteria) Generation and
Transmission to reliably and efficiently serve load
Transmission Equivalence
© 2005 ISO New England Inc.
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Transmission System Functions
• Platform for generation functioning
• Delivery of:
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Capacity
Energy
Competitive resources
Resource adequacy
Operating reserves
Fuel diversity
Load following (AGC)
Immediate contingency response
• Sudden generator outage
• Sudden transmission outage
Transmission Equivalence
© 2005 ISO New England Inc.
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Transmission System Features
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Loss reduction (reduction in capacity and energy)
Voltage regulation; minimize voltage fluctuations
Grid stabilization
Bulk power system grid reinforcement
Efficient use of existing regional resources
Mitigate regional redundancy – reserves
Facilitate equipment maintenance scheduling
Availability/Longevity/Certainty
“Fixed Price”
Transmission Equivalence
© 2005 ISO New England Inc.
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Resource Integration
• Size and Location are Important!
• Power system “balanced” by design – maintain
acceptable loadings and voltages
• “Large” resources (relative to system strength) can
upset the balance
– Limit value of the resource
• Not a “minimally” interconnected resource
• May require significant transmission modifications
to interconnect
• “Just Enough” generation generally isn’t enough
Transmission Equivalence
© 2005 ISO New England Inc.
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