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Reproduction & Development Videos 1 - Ovulation 2 - The Menstrual Cycle 3 - Conception 4 - Human Development 5 - Amniocentesis 6 - Vasectomy 7 - Formation of Twins 8 - Human Embryonic Stem Cells 9 - Animal Cloning CLEAVAGE http://www.utm.utoronto.ca/~w3bio380/lecture10.htm Zebrafish Embryonic Development http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/animals/danrer/hzfish-4cell30554.jpg http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/animals/danrer/zfish-devel.htm The 3 germ layers differentiate into various tissues/organs http://owensboro.kctcs.edu/gcaplan/anat2/notes/23_11.jpg The diversity of cells in the human body are the result of differentiation Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (5th Edition), Martini. (2001). Page 65. Chain dogfish embryo in egg case & outside of egg case http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fish/Gallery/Descript/ChainDogfish/ChainDogfish.html Bird eggs & snake eggs have an outer protective shell http://www.chicalo.com/ecoxtreme/photos/gallery/nest.jpg http://www.eastcoastcolubrids.com/Main/Rat%20Snakes/Yellow/yello_%20rat%202.htm Turtles also lay eggs http://www.pingleton.com/redfoot/redfoots.htm CHICKEN EGG http://library.thinkquest.org/C006669/media/Biol/img/egg.gif https://www2.carolina.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/CarolinaBio/images/medium/139234_c_la.jpg Garter snakes undergo live birth http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Herpetology/images/snakes/e_gartersnake.jpg http://www.eeob.iastate.edu/faculty/BronikoA/pics/birth.jpg http://www.gartersnake.co.uk/conc005.htm Mammals have a placenta that nourishes the embryo/fetus http://www.robynsnest.com/images/placenta.jpg http://www.medgadget.com/archives/img/placenta.GIF The duckbill platypus & spiny anteater are egg-laying mammals http://animaltrial.com/platypus.jpeg http://www.abc.net.au/science/scribblygum/June2000/img/f_echid10.jpg Kangaroos & Opossums http://universe-review.ca/I10-82-opossum.jpg http://www.northrup.org/photos/crap/Animals/low/kangaroo-joey.jpg http://www.visualsunlimited.com/images/watermarked/213/213999.jpg Koalas & Tasmanian Devils http://virtual.yosemite.cc.ca.us/ghayes/images/DSC03743%20Tasmanian%20Devil%20yawns%20b.JPG http://www.sciencenmore.com/koala.jpg http://www.mountstuart.tased.edu.au/tasmanian%20devil%20site/devil9.jpg Human Reproduction Male Reproductive System http://kcampbell.bio.umb.edu/Oct01gifs/Malerepr.gif Sperm cells mature in the epididymis http://www.turbosquid.com/FullPreview/Index.cfm/ID/233868 http://www.bio.davidson.edu/people/jeputnam/companat/restricted/CA7_Re_HumanTestisEpi.jpeg VASECTOMY http://www.pennhealth.com/health_info/Surgery/graphics/vasectomy_4.jpg http://www.dailycartoons.com/images/tremors.gif Female Reproductive System http://www.papscreen.org/ps/v_women/res/cervix.jpg http://www.talksexwithsue.com/tsimages/Femalesideview.jpg Female Reproductive System http://academic.pgcc.edu/~aimholtz/AandP/206_ONLINE/Repro/femalerepro1.html Each ovary contains thousands of maturing follicles --- Each follicle contains ONE maturing egg http://faculty.southwest.tn.edu/rburkett/A&P2_r8.jpg IMPLANTATION http://www.cytochemia.de/HomePage_CC/Pat_Ind/Habitueller_Abort/Eileiter.jpg http://www.westcoastinfertility.com/images/aof_implantation.gif http://www.gdsb.org.cn/syzs/12%20implantation%20in%20the%20uterus.jpg IMPLANTATION http://connection.lww.com/Products/sadler/images/figurelarge2-11.jpg Ectoderm & Endoderm http://www.bionalogy.com/human_embryology.htm Mesoderm begins to form http://www.bionalogy.com/human_embryology.htm Embryonic Disc Formation http://www.bionalogy.com/human_embryology.htm ECTOPIC PREGNANCY http://www.pennhealth.com/health_info/pregnancy/graphics/images/en/9288.jpg OVARIAN CANCER http://www.womenandinfants.com/healthGate/images/exh4463.jpg http://medicalimages.allrefer.com/large/ovarian-cancer-metastasis.jpg Tubal Ligation is the female version of a vasectomy http://www.pennhealth.com/health_info/Surgery/graphics/tuballigation_2.jpg The Menstrual Cycle http://www.wisc.edu/ansci_repro/lec/lec_11/parts_menstrual.jpg 1) Follicle Stage The anterior pituitary gland secretes FSH The maturing follicle in turn secretes estrogen thickens the uterine walls 10-14 days http://www.clearplan.com/gims/Content/image/ovulation_2.gif http://www.punjabkesari.com/health/health_files/Ovulation.jpg 2) Ovulation Elevated estrogen levels cause the anterior pituitary to secrete LH LH causes the mature follicle to rupture, releasing the egg (oocyte) Day 14 (about midway) http://academic.pgcc.edu/~aimholtz/AandP/206_ONLINE/Repro/Images/ovulation.jpg 3) Corpus Luteum Stage The empty follicle fills with fluid to become the corpus luteum The corpus luteum secretes the hormone progesterone Progesterone maintains the continued growth of the uterus 10-14 days http://www.healthsquare.com/fgwh/wh1c1703.jpg http://academic.pgcc.edu/~aimholtz/AandP/206_ONLINE/Repro/femalerepro1.html 4) Menstruation If the egg is NOT fertilized by sperm, progesterone levels decrease and the uterus begins to break down 3-5 days http://www.pamf.org/health/healthinfo/index.cfm?page=article&sgml_id=aa58491 In Vitro Fertilization http://www.ivfbedi.com/art/images/big-ivf.gif http://www.shands.org/images/ency/fullsize/17074.jpg http://www.ocregister.com/newsimages/health_family/2004/raceforthecure/invitro1.gif http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/wwwhuman/Stages/Stages.htm The placenta nourishes the embryo via the umbilical cord http://images.healthcentersonline.com/obgyn/images/article/Womb.jpg http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/Notes/images/placenta/plMembraneW600.jpg Blood from the mother & fetus never mix, BUT… http://www.ghs.org/images/grey/ei_0181.gif FAS = Fetal Alcohol Syndrome http://www.uwec.edu/piercech/FAS/FAS...2.jpg Effects of FAS include birth defects, mental retardation & abnormal facial features http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:FASLip.jpg http://medgen.genetics.utah.edu/photographs/diseases/high/fig144.jpg http://www.thieme.de/dmw/inhalt/engl_or/or18803.jpg If a pregnant woman gets RUBELLA (German measles), she can pass the virus on to her baby Rash, fever, heart defects, blindness, deafness & mental retardation http://www.ecbt.org/Diseasepic.html http://www.euro.who.int/images/VPI/measleschild.jpg Meconium = baby’s first stool http://z.about.com/d/pregnancy/1/0/w/c/meconium.jpg http://pediatric.um-surgery.org/new_070198/new/Library/Meconium%20Ileus2.jpg AMNIOCENTESIS http://images.webmd.com/images/hw/media66/medical/hw/h5550976.jpg http://fig.cox.miami.edu/Faculty/Dana/amniocentesis.jpg Identical & Fraternal Twins http://www.geddeskeepsake.com/images/3d_ultrasound/stills/twins_feet_head.jpg http://www.pennhealth.com/health_info/pregnancy/graphics/images/en/19745.jpg Conjoined Twins http://i.cnn.net/cnn/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/south/08/18/india.twins/vstory.india.twins.afp.jpg http://tommcmahon.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/hensel2.jpg http://www.focusmag.gr/id/files/99727/w_conjoined_twins.jpg http://www.upledger.com/images/Twins2.jpg FSH & LH are both released by the pituitary gland http://adam.about.com/surgery/100108.htm# Birth Control Pill http://adam.about.com/surgery/100108.htm# Prolactin is released by the pituitary gland http://www.bfar.org/images/breast-anatomy.gif http://www.merck.com/media/mmhe2/figures/fg162_1.gif Oxytocin causes uterine muscle contraction Pituitary Gland Hormones http://www.biosbcc.net/barron/physiology/endo/hypopit.htm