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Plant Anatomy
Vegetative and Reproductive
Structures
What are vegetative structures
(parts) and the Vegetative Stage of
a Plant?
• Vegetative plant parts of the plant that help
it to through its daily processes.
• The vegetative stage is when the plant is
growing and not ready or getting ready for
reproduction.
What are reproductive structures
(parts) and the reproductive stage
of plants?
• The reproductive parts of a plant are the
plant structure used for sexual
reproduction (making more plants).
Main Parts of a Leaf
Tip/Apex
Midrib
Blade
Margin
Leaf
Veins
Base
Petiole
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Leaf Forms
Leaf Veination
Dichotomous Veination
Types of Leaves
Scale like leaves
Needle like leaves
Petiole
Internal Parts of A Leaf
Blade
Cuticle
Upper Epidermis
Palisade Mesophyll
Vein
Spongy Mesophyll
Lower Epidermis
Air
Spaces
Stomata
Guard Cell
Stoma, singular
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Leaf Attachments
Leaf Function
• Photosynthesis
– Make food (sugar
“glucose”)
• Store water
• Reproduce
• Protect
Modified Leaves
• Bulbs
• Bracts
• Spines
External Stem Anatomy
Internal stem anatomy
Monocots=grasses, palm trees, corn, ect…
Dicots=trees, shrubs, “leafy” ect…
Function of Stems
•
•
•
•
•
Transport (food down, water up)
Support (hold up leaves)
Store (food and water)
Protect (thorns)
Reproduction (stolons)
Modified Stems
• Thorns
• Stolons
• Tuber
Root Anatomy
• Primary root: The first root to emerge
from a seed
• Secondary root: Roots that branch off
of that root
Function
•Absorb water
•Anchor plant
•Store food and water
Flowers
• Used for sexual reproduction
• They make seeds
• Some are male, Some are female and
some are both.
Parts of a Flower
Stamen
Anther
Stigma
Filament
Style
Ovary
Ovule
Petals
Sepals
Stem of the flower
Pedicel
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Receptacle
Swollen base
where are parts
attach
Pistil
Pollination
• Pollen (male) lands on female flower and
fertilizes egg/ovule (female) and then
makes seeds
• Pollinators Wind, insects (bees, ants, flies,
ect…), bats, birds, butterfly) ect…
• Cross pollination: between separate plants
• Self pollination: pollinates itself
Types of flowers
• Perfect: have stamen and pistol (both
sexes, hermaphrodite)
• Imperfect: missing a male or female part
• Complete: has everything
• Incomplete is missing something,
anything.