Download Classifying Ornamental Plants

Classifying
Ornamental Plants
NEXT GENERATION SCIENCE/COMMON CORE STANDARDS
ADDRESSED

CCSS.ELA Literacy. RS T.11‐12.4Determine the meaning of
symbols, key terms, and other domain‐specific words and
phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical
context relevant to grades11–12 texts and topics.

CCSS.ELA Literacy. RS T.11‐12.5 Analyze how the text structures
information or ideas into categories or hierarchies,
demonstrating understanding of the information or ideas.
BELL WORK / STUDENT LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 1.
Describe the system used for
naming and classifying plants.
 2.
Identify the major groups of
plants.
 3.
Describe the differences
between annuals, biennials
and perennials.
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Evergreen
Ferns
Genus
Gymnosperms
Herbaceous
Monocots
Perennials
Species
Woody
TERMS TO KNOW
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Angiosperm
Annuals
Biennials
Binomial nomenclature
Bryophytes
Conifer
Cotyledons
Deciduous
Dicots
Suppose you were walking
through the woods and
stumbled upon an unusual
plant. What would you call it?
Would you know how to
classify it? Could you identify
its characteristics? These are
questions many taxonomists
ponder when labeling a new
plant.
INTEREST APPROACH
INTEREST APPROACH CONT.
 Take
a couple of minutes and list as
many plants as you possibly can. Let’s
classify them as deciduous (loose their
leaves) or coniferous (remain as
evergreens).
 Now
list as many animals as you can.
Can you classify them as birds, reptiles,
amphibians, insects, fish, or mammals?
 Why
do you know more about animals?
HOW ARE PLANTS NAMED AND
CLASSIFIED?
 Plants
are classified by
their similarities within
their characteristics.
 Taxonomists
compare flower
patterns, stem and
leaf structures, life
cycles, genetic
similarities and
many other
characteristics.
 They
are then grouped
in specific categories,
or taxas:
Categories/Taxas
Example*
Kingdom
Plantae
Phylum (Division)
Class
Magnoliophyta
Liliopsida
Order
Cyperales
Family
Poaceae
Genus
Species
Triticum
aestivum
*Sample classification of bread wheat
 Botanists
call plants by their last two taxas –
genus and species
 This
system is known as binomial
nomenclature (two-word naming system)
 Developed
 Uses
by Carolus Linnaeus
Latin for three reasons:
 Universal
 Very
(known by all scientists)
descriptive
 Unchanged
 Genus
 Ex.
(contains no slang words)
is capitalized; Species lower case
Triticum aestivum
WHAT ARE SOME WAYS THAT WE
CAN PUT PLANTS INTO GROUPS?
 Plants
live in a variety of
climates and niches
 The
adaptations that
plants have made to
survive in different
climates allows for them
to be classified into one
of four major groups:
 Bryophytes,
ferns,
gymnosperms and
angiosperms
Liverwort
BRYOPHYTES
 Belong
to the phylum
Bryophyta
 Non-vascular

plants
No conducting tissues
 Live
in damp places
 Limited
in size due to
lack of conducting
tissue
 Ex.
Mosses and
liverworts
Moss
FERNS
Ferns in the
forest
 Vascular
plants
 Reproduce
by spores
 Have
no true leaves;
0nly fronds
Fiddleheads
 Fronds
produce food
and spores
Spores on
underside of
frond
 New
fronds called
fiddleheads
GYMNOSPERMS

Reproduce with seeds
found in cones

Also known as a conifer

Leaves reduced to scales
or needles

Most are evergreen – hold
on to their green color
year round


Ex. Pines, spruce, cedar
Some can be deciduouslose their leaves

Coniferous evergreen
– Pinus contorta
Ex. Ginkgo, larch
Deciduous
conifer –
Ginkgo
biloba
 Plants
that reproduce by flowers
 There are two types: monocotyledons
(monocots) & dicotyledons (dicots)
 A cotyledon is a food storage
structure in the seed.

Monocots have a single cotyledon


Ex. Grasses, corn and lilies
Dicots have two cotyledons

Ex. Roses, petunias and geraniums, beans
ANGIOSPERMS
ANGIOSPERMS - MONOCOT
 Have
flower parts
(sepals, petals, stamens,
pistils) in multiples of
three

3, 6, 9…
 Parallel
Orchid – Paphiopedilum curtisii
venation
within the leaves
 Stems with scattered
vascular bundles
 Narrow leaves
 Fibrous root system
ANGIOSPERMS - DICOT
 Flower
parts are in
multiples of 4’s or
5’s

4,12,16 or 5, 10, 15
 Netted
veins
 Vascular
bundles
are in rings around
the stem
 Have
broad leaves
 Taproot
system
Hibiscus sp.
MONOCOT VS. DICOT
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
ANNUALS, BIENNIALS AND
PERENNIALS?
 Plants
are often classified based
on their life cycles
 Even
though gymnosperms and
angiosperms reproduce by seed,
there are different strategies for
passing the seeds on to future
generations
ANNUALS
Corn – Zea mays
 Plants
grow from seed,
flower, produce new
seeds all in one season
 It
dies after producing
new seeds
 Have
an herbaceous
stem – green & fleshy

Ex. Impatiens, corn,
snapdragons
Foxglove – Digitals purpurea
BIENNIALS
 Plants
that live for
two years, then
flower and die
 Food
is produced
during the first
year, flowers the
second year
 Ex.
Foxglove,
carrot, queen
Anne’s lace
PERENNIALS
 Plants
that live for
three or more years
 Flower
for a short time
 Do
not die after
flowering
 Can
Bristlecone pine – Pinus
longaeva
be herbaceous or
woody – having thick
stems made of wood

Ex. Tulips, Kentucky
bluegrass, trees and
shrubs
Germination---Growth---Flowering---Death
Germination---- Growth---Flowering---Dormancy
One or more flowering
cycles
Germination---Growth--Dormancy---Growth--Flowering---Death
Season 1
Season 2
 What
is the difference
between an angiosperm
and a gymnosperm?
 How
is a monocot
different from a dicot?
 Are
evergreens
herbaceous or woody
plants?
 How
would you classify
the grass found outside
on the lawn?
 What
makes up the scientific name of
a plant?
 Why are scientific names written in
Latin?
 In what group would you find
mosses? Describe their habitat.
 Describe the life cycle of a perennial.
 Name all 7 taxas in the classification
system.
SUMMARY CONT.
THE END!