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Rare Plants of the Central Valley California Native Plant Society Workshop – February 15, 2011 Carol W. Witham Workshop Outline • Lecture Presentations – Introduction/Orientation – CNPS Online Inventory • Handouts/Cheatsheets – – – – – Lasthenia Endangered VP Grasses Juncus Limnanthes Downingia • Photographic Tours – – – – Delta, Floodplain and Riparian Alkali Mesic Grasslands (Non-alkali) Grasslands Vernal Pools • Laboratory Exercises – Lasthenia – Endangered Grasses – Juncus (quiz) • Closing Discussions – Course evaluations Geographic Orientation Delta, Floodplain and Riparian selected rare plants of brackish and freshwater marshes and riparian scrub and forest Delta, Floodplain and Riparian © Aaron Arthur © Rob Preston Mixed stand of Lilaeopsis & Limosella •Occurs primarily on intertidal mudflats, but can occur in rip-rapped areas •Best surveyed for by boat during low tide Lilaeopsis masonii •Apiaceae •Leaves septated Limosella subulata •Scrophulariaceae (???) •Leaves not septated Delta, Floodplain and Riparian © Kristiaan Stuart Hibiscus lasiocarpus var. occidentalis •Marshes •Often in areas with tidal influence © Doug Wirtz Cordylanthus mollis ssp. mollis •Coastal salt or brackish marshes •Suisun Marsh © Doug Wirtz Cirsium hydrophilum var. hydrophilum •Salt marshes •Suisun Marsh Delta, Floodplain and Riparian © Mark Fogiel © James Reiter © Chris Winchell Eryngium racemosum •Riparian scrub •Primarily San Joaquin delta, often alkaline Lathyrus jepsonii var. jepsonii •Fresh or brackish marshes •Riparian scrub Aster lentus (Symphyotrichum lentum) •Fresh and brackish marshes •Suisun Marsh Alkali Mesic Grasslands selected rare plants of alkali mesic grasslands including scalds and slickspots Alkali Mesic Grassland © Rob Preston © Rob Preston © Chris Winchell Atriplex cordulata Atriplex erecticaulis •Erect •Branched below •Scalds, playas and alkaline vernal pools •Erect •Branched above & below •Scalds, playas & pools Atriplex persistens •Erect •Staminate flowers in terminal spikes •Alkali vernal pools Alkali Mesic Grassland © Rob Preston © Rob Preston Atriplex miniscula •Prostrate •Scalds, playas & pools Atriplex depressa •Prostrate •Leaves 2 ranked •Scalds, playas & pools Alkali Mesic Grassland © Zoya Akulova © Rob Preston Atriplex joaquiniana •Erect •Fruit resembles fluted vase •Scalds, playas & pools Atriplex subtilis •Generally prostrate •Scalds, playas & pools Alkali Mesic Grassland © Doug Wirtz © Rob Preston Cordylanthus mollis ssp. hispidus Cordylanthus palmatus •Soft hairs <1mm •Mesic grasslands •Stiff hairs >1mm •Mesic grasslands and playas Alkali Mesic Grassland © Carol Witham © Carol Witham Lepidium latipes var. heckardii Astragalus tener •var. tener – short pods •var. ferrisiae – long pods with pseudostipe •stiff hairs >1mm •mesic grasslands (Alluvial Terrace) Grasslands selected rare plants of (non-alkali) grasslands terraces above the valley floor Grasslands © George Hartwell © Vernon Smith Castilleja rubicundula ssp. rubicundula •Pink corolla •Open grassland, often serpentinite Monardella douglasii ssp. venosa •Open grasslands, usually in heavy clay •Recently rediscovered in Butte County © Aaron Schustell Delphinium recurvatum •Mesic grassland, sometimes alkaline Grasslands © Roxanne Bittman © Neal Kramer © George Hartwell Astragalus rattanii var. jepsonianus •Grassland, oak woodland often serpentinite Calycadenia hooveri •Grassland, oak woodland, generally rocky •Blooms July-September •Eastern San Joaquin Valley Calycadenia oppositifolia •Grassland openings in various habitats •Butte County endemic Grasslands © John Dittes © Carol Witham © Kelly Bougher Fritillaria agrestis •Style branched •Nectaries prominent •Unpleasant odor Fritillaria liliacea •Style branched •Nectaries obscure •Odorless or faintly fragrant Fritillaria pluriflora •Style entire •Odorless Grasslands © Carol Witham © CNPS Lotus rubriflorus (Acmispon rubriflorus) •Red flowers •Grasslands & Woodlands Paronychia ahartii •Mesic grassland, usually volcanics •Also woodlands & shallow vernal pools Vernal Pools selected rare plants of puddles, pools and playas typical vernal pools Vernal Pools © Chris Winchell © Carol Witham © Carol Witham © Carol Witham Chamaesyce hooveri •Summer blooming •Large playa-like pools Grasses in Orcuttieae •Summer blooming •No ligule •Sticky/acidic exudate Vernal Pools © Carol Witham © Janell Hillman Downingia pusilla •Flowers < 2 mm •2 color morphs with different corolla shape •Areas of low competition Legenere limosa •Often apetalus •Note peduncle below inferior ovary •Multiple pool types Vernal Pools © Carol Witham Gratiola heterosepala •3 sepals form a 2-thumbed mitten •2 corolla lobes yellow •Areas of low competition © Carol Witham Gratiola ebracteata Vernal Pools © Rob Preston Limnanthes floccosa ssp. californica •Endemic to Butte County •Petals are supposed to have a ring of hairs at the base •Occurs in vernal pools © Carol Witham Limnanthes floccosa ssp. floccosa •More widespread •Note hairiness of outer sepal surface •Most often occurs in vernal swales Vernal Pools © John Dittes © Carol Witham Juncus leiospermus var. ahartii •Seeds not striate @ 10x •Single fruits •Mostly vernal swales © Carol Witham Juncus leiospermus var. leiospermus •Seeds not striate @ 10x •Multiple fruits •Mostly vernal swales Juncus digitatus •Seeds striate @ 10x •Multiple fruits •Cascade foothills Workshop Wrap-up • Juncus id quiz A. B. C. D. E. F. • Essay questions __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ – When and how of rare plant surveys – Take home message is why • Course evaluation • Resources – CalPhotos, but user beware! – CNPS Online Inventory
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