Download monocots

ARACEAE
monocots
Current
Angiosperm
Phylogeny
Group Tree
for Flowering
Plants
CHARACTERS DIAGNOSTIC
OF MONOCOTS:
• herbaceous
• branching sympodial
• vascular bundles in stem
scattered, closed [no
interfascicular cambium
developing]
• tertiary veins without free
endings
• leaf base sheathing
• pollen monosulcate
• gynoecium three-parted
• cotyledon 1
• primary root present but
unbranched, not persisting
• expanded here
covered in Araceae
CHARACTERS DIAGNOSTIC
OF MONOCOTS:
• branching sympodial
CHARACTERS
DIAGNOSTIC OF
MONOCOTS:
• vascular
bundles in stem
scattered, closed
[no
interfascicular
cambium
developing]
ARACEAE
Key Characters
net venation, no dead-end veins
spathe (inflorescence bract)
spadix (thick spike)
monocot numbers in flowers
Colocasia esculenta -- TARO
Colocasia affinis
Zantedischia "cally lily"
Amorphophallus titanica
dicot-like secondary and
tertiary veins in
Anthurium, Araceae
textbook monocot veins
dicot
Acorus (sweetflag) – currently the most primitive monocot
taro (Colocasia
esculenta) calcium
oxalate raphides
500x:
photo by Tina Weatherby
Carvalho
monosulcate pollen
- Monstera
General Angiosperm Relations --- Soltis et al. 2008
No monosulcate pollen
in descendants of this
ancestor.
Mostly monosulcate
pollen in early flowers
and gymnosperms.
Monstera - hemiepiphyte
with holes in leaves
Philodendron - juvenile
stem ascending trunk of a
balsa tree
Monstera inflorescences as fruit in the market
Montrichardia monopodial,
coastal swamp
forests, looks like a
treelet.
Pistia and Lemna – floating
aquatics in the Araceae, but
separate origins
Lemna
monocots
Current
Angiosperm
Phylogeny
Group Tree
for Flowering
Plants