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2 Types of Seed Plants • Angiosperms • Gymnosperms Gymnosperms • Have cones for reproduction instead of flowers • 4 Types – – – – Cycad Ginkgo Conifer Gnetophyte Gymnosperms • Cycads: look like ferns except they have seeds • Ginkgo: very large trees found mainly in China Gymnosperms • Conifers: seeds are in cones or berrylike structures • Gnetophytes: shrubs and climbing vines Angiosperms • Largest group of plant in the world • Found in all types of climates • Produce flowers for reproduction Monocot vs. Dicot • Angiosperms are divided into monocots and dicots • As the zygote grows into the embryo, the first leaves of the young plant develop and are called cotyledons (seed leaves) • Monocots have one cotyledon (corn, lily, etc). • Dicots have two cotyledons (bean, oak, etc). Monocot vs. Dicot • Number of cotyledons: one vs. two Monocot vs. Dicot • Leaf venation pattern: • Monocot is parallel • Dicot is net pattern Monocot vs. Dicot root • Monocot: Fibrous root • Dicot: Tap root Monocot vs. Dicot • Flower parts: • Monocot: in groups of three • Dicot: in groups of four or five Monocot vs. Dicot • Vascular bundle position: • Monocot: scattered throughout the stem • Dicot: arranged in a circle Monocot vs. Dicot • Stem types: – Monocot: Herbaceous – Dicot: herbaceous or woody Summary: Monocot vs. Dicot Comparing Monocots vs. Dicots FEATURE MONOCOTS DICOTS Cotyledons 1 2 Leaf venation parallel broad Root system Fibrous Tap In 3’s In 4’s or 5’s Scattered Arranged in a circle Either Number of floral parts Vascular bundle position Woody or herbaceous Herbaceous
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