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Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Evidence suggests land plants evolved from green algae •Rose-shaped complexes for cellulose synthesis •Peroxysome enzymes •Structure of flagellated sperm •Formation of a phragmoplast •Genetic similarities. Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Plants vs. Algae red algae chlorophytes Ancestral alga charophyceans embryophytes Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Kingdom Protista red algae chlorophytes Ancestral alga Kingdom Plantae charophyceans embryophytes Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Kingdom Protista red algae chlorophytes Ancestral alga Kingdom Streptophyta charophyceans embryophytes Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Kingdom Protista red algae Kingdom Viridiplantae chlorophytes Ancestral alga charophyceans embryophytes Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Kingdom Protista red algae chlorophytes Ancestral alga Kingdom Plantae. charophyceans embryophytes Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Derived traits of plants •Apical meristem (“growing tip”) •Alternation of generations (sporophyte and gametophyte) •Multicellular sporangia that produce walled spores •Multicellular gametangia •Multicellular, dependent embryos. Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Alternation of generations. Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Mosses and bryophytes are dominated by the gametophyte stage. sporophyte gametophyte Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Mosses and bryophytes are dominated by the gametophyte stage. child mother Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Sphagnum moss covers great expanses of land as peat bogs, playing an important role in the carbon cycle. Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Sphagnum moss covers great expanses of land as peat bogs, playing an important role in the carbon cycle. Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Sphagnum moss covers great expanses of land as peat bogs, playing an important role in the carbon cycle. Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Seedless Vascular Plants. Club mosses Ferns Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Ferns and other seedless vascular plants formed the first forests. Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Evolutionary milestones: •Vascular transport •Roots •Leaves •Sporophylls •Seeds. Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Vascular Transport •Xylem carries water and minerals up •Made from dead cells called thracheids •Lignin is a tough carbohydrate that allows the plant to grow tall. Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Vascular Transport •Phloem carries down •Made from living tissue. Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Roots •Absorb water and nutrients •May have evolved from subterranean stems •May have evolved once or several times. Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Leaves Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Leaves •Two kinds: microphylls and megaphylls. Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Sporophylls Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Sporophylls •Sporophylls are modified leaves with sporangia Chapter 29 – How Plants Colonized Land Sporophylls •Sporophylls are modified leaves with sporangia •Most seedless vascular plants make just one type of spore which develops into a bisexual gametophyte. .
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