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Vegetative Morphology of Fruit and Nut Crops HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production The Tree HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production Fruiting wood Shoot type: long (bourse) vs. short (spurs) Flower Bud Position: lateral Vs. terminal HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production Spur branch Short lateral branches in which the internodes are extremely short, bringing several leaves close together in any given year and potentially many leaf scars close together over several years. HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production Flower Bud Initiation When does it occur? Why is this important? Most initiate the summer before fruiting – – – – Apple, pear Peach, plum, cherry Persimmon Blackberry, blueberry Some initiate same year as fruit – Fig, 2nd crop – Quince – Strawberries HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production Bud types Leaf versus flower bud Simple, Mixed, & Compound Simple buds HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production Stem Morphology HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production Bud types Mixed Buds = contain floral and vegetative primordia Compound Buds = formed by multiple buds HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production Leaf Morphology HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production Leaf Morphology HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production Leaf Morphology Leaf glands on Prunus HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production Reproductive Type Perfect or hermaphroditic – Peach, apple, blackberry HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production Reproductive Type Imperfect flowers - Heterogamous – Monoecious, pecan, walnut – Dioecious, kiwi, pistachio, persimmon HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production Laboratory Procedure Examine vegetative samples of fruit and nut crops Answer questions on work sheets Press samples for notebooks – Label with name & mount next week (8 pts) Turn in worksheets to lab assistant for grading (17 pts) Put fruit sensory evaluation data in notebook HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production Things to learn from this lab Proper terminology ID all fruit and nut samples – Common and scientific Reproductive types – Perfect Vs. Imperfect – Monoecious Vs. Dioecious – Protogynous Vs. Protandrous Know fruiting habits – When, type, position – Why important? HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Production
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