Download (Posted 1/3) Ecosytems 2 Notes

Ecosystems 2
SOL #11
TSW differentiate between symbiosis,
mutualism, commensalism, and
parasitism
Cornell Notes
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Blue – Left side of the line
Black – Right side of line
Orange– Notes not required
Red – Review questions (notes not
required)
25. What is predation?
• Interaction in which one organism kills
another for food
26. Examples of predator adaptations
Cheetahs - aerodynamic
• Sticky sundew on a Venus flytrap
attracts insects
•Owls can hunt at night (nocturnal)
27. Examples of prey adaptations
Camouflage – Preying Mantis
Warning Colors –
Arrow Frog
Protective Coverings – Sea Urchin
False eye – Butterfly Fish
Examples of prey adaptations
Mimicry - use of colors and markings to look like another animal
(imitate - mimic)
Moth caterpillar defends
itself by mimicking a snake
Bee fly mimics
the coloration/
appearance of a
stinging bee
Mimicry – Which is poisonous?
Coral Snake -
Mountain King Snake
Desert
King Snake
28. What is Symbiosis?
•
A close relationship between two species
that benefits (+) at least one of the species
29. Three types of symbiotic relationships
• Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism
30. What is Mutualism?
•
a relationship in which two organisms
interact and BOTH receive a benefit
•
Mutually beneficial relationship (+, +)
31. Examples of
mutualism
Moray eel (+ gets a clean mouth)
and the cleaner fish (removes
parasites – + gets food)
•
32. Examples of mutualism
Shark (0) and a
suckerfish (+) (eats the
scraps) – ex. Not
mutualism it’s
Commensalism
•
• Rumen Bacteria in cow’s
stomach
• food and home for the
bacteria (+)
• helps cow (+) digest grass
and hay
Is this an example of mutualism?
No, a skate board
and a girl are not an
example of
mutualism
Why not?
A skate board is abiotic
33. What is commensalisms?
• a relationship between two species in which
one species benefits, while the other is
neither harmed nor helped (+, 0)
34. Give an example
• Squirrel (+) living in a tree (0)
35. What is parasitism?
•
an organism (parasite) that lives on or in another
organism (host)
•
Parasite receives the benefit while the host is
harmed or destroyed (+, -)
36. Give examples
•
Tapeworm (+)
and human (-)
•
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Termites (+)
and tree (-)
Aphids
(+) and
rose bush
(-)
Review Questions – Match the key word/s with
the definition
• 1. Predation
• 2. Symbiosis
• 3. Mimicry
• a. Use of colors and
markings to look like
another animal
• b. A close
relationship between
two species that
benefits at least one
of the species
• c. Interaction in which
one organism kills
another for food
Review Questions – Match the key word/s wit
the definition
• d. BOTH organisms
receive a benefit
• 4. Parasitism
• e. 1 organism receives
the benefit while the
• 5. Mutualism
other is harmed or
destroyed
• 6. Commensalism • f. 1 organism receives a
benefit, while the other
organism is unaffected
• g. (+, +)
• h. (+, 0)
• i. (+, -)
A tick and a dog
• + / +, + / O or
+/• Mutualism,
Commensalism
or
Parasitism
1. A tick and a dog
• 1. Tick (+) /
Dog (-)
• Parasitism
2. Spanish Moss (flowering epiphyte) growing
on an Oak tree
• 2.
+ / +, + / O or
+/• Mutualism,
Commensalism
or
Parasitism
3. Ants help protect aphids from predators and
in return the ants get honeydew from the
aphids
• 3. + / +, + / O
or + / • Mutualism,
Commensalism
or
Parasitism
4. Bee and a flower
• + / +, + / O or
+/• Mutualism,
Commensalism
or
Parasitism
5. Whale and Barnacles
• + / +, + / O or
+/• Mutualism,
Commensalism
or
Parasitism
6. Rhinoceros and Redbilled Oxypecker
• + / +, + / O or
+/• Mutualism,
Commensalism
or
Parasitism
7. Trout and Sea Lamprey
• + / +, + / O or
+/• Mutualism,
Commensalism
or
Parasitism
8. Epiphyte plant on a Rainforest tree
• + / +, + / O or
+/• Mutualism,
Commensalism
or
Parasitism
9. Lichen
• + / +, + / O or
+/• Mutualism,
Commensalism
or
Parasitism
10. Strangler fig and another tree
• + / +, + / O or
+/• Mutualism,
Commensalism
or
Parasitism
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UCUtpm
wacoE
2. Spanish Moss (flowering epiphyte) growing
on an Oak tree
• Spanish Moss (+)
/ Oak Tree (O)
• Commensalism
3. Ants help protect aphids from predators and
in return the ants get honeydew from the
aphids
• Ants (+) /
Aphids (+)
• Mutualism
4. Bee and a flower
• Bee (+ ) /
Flower (+)
• Mutualism
5. Whale and Barnacles
• Barnacles (+)
Whale (O)
• Commensalism
6. Rhinoceros and Redbilled Oxypecker
• Oxypecker (+) /
Rhino (O)
• Commensalism
7. Trout and Sea Lamprey
• Sea Lamprey
(+) / Trout (-)
• Parasitism
8. Epiphyte in the Rainforest tree
• Epiphyte (+ ) /
Tree (O )
• Commensalism
9. Lichen - Fungus serves as structural support and
provides moisture (prevents lichen from drying out during
dry weather) Algae produces food for itself and fungus
(photosynthesis)
• Fungus (+ ) /
Algae ( + )
• Mutualism
10. Strangler fig and another tree
• Strangler (+ ) /
Tree (-)
• Parasitism
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UCUtpm
wacoE