Download Diego Lercari

INCOSIFH PROJECT
WORKING PACKAGE 5
NORTHERN GULF OF CALIFORNIA STUDY
CASE
Diego Lercari
Objectives

Implement a spatial ecosystem model (Ecospace) for the
Northern Gulf of California

Run simulations of actual MPA effectiveness on the
conservation of vaquita and totoaba and for fisheries
enhancement (catch & value)

Examine effects of size and placement (new designs)
on the effectiveness of MPAs for conservation and
fisheries
What is being modeled with Ecospace?



NGC ecosystem and fisheries
34 FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
8 fleets – 3 ports



Shrimp trawling (2)
Artisanal shrimp (3)
Fish gillnets (3)

Explicitly:



vaquita Phocoena sinus
Totoaba macdonaldi
2 Shrimp species
ENDANGERED
SPECIES
MPAs in the NGC



Biosphere reserve (buffer zone & core zone)
Vaquita refugee
Shrimp coastal exclusion zone
Compilation of Ecospace inputs



ECOPATH MODEL
Line coast for base map: coastline extractor
7 Habitat types



Bathymetry : Carriquiry et al 2001
Sediment texture : Carriquiry et al 2001
Other

Primary productivity estimations
 Alles,
2005
 SEAWIFS
 Santamaria – Alvarez, 1995
 Pegau et al., 2002
group’s distribution: HABITAT ASSIGNEMENT



Rojas Bracho et al., 2006 (VAQUITA)
Pedrin & Aleman, 1996 (FISH & SHRIMP)
Actual MPAs designs

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Management programme BR
Decree RB DOF 1993
Decree DOF 2005
Main areas of fleets operations
 DOF 1993
 Cudney et al 1998 – fisherman's interviews
Fishing
restricted in
the model
applying very
high fishing
coast where
fishing does
not occurs
Circulation patterns – advection fields
 Calderon et al., 2003
 Marinone, 2003
Dispersion rates ?
Feeding rates?
Vulnerabilities?

Those which reflect know distributions patterns?
Question addressed

Are the MPAs in the NGC effective to enhance
the vaquita and totoaba populations?

Which MPAs designs could optimize the vaquita
and totoaba conservation?

How this enhancement impacts in the catch and
value obtained by the different fleets?
Starting Scenarios
Actual MPAs design
 No fishing inside the vaquita refugee
 No fishing inside the buffer zone
 No fishing inside the vaquita distribution
area
 No MPAs
 Shrimp trawling inside bays
 Other designs…ecoseed?

Model problems
VAQUITA AND JUVENILES TOTOABA TEND TO DISAPPEAR!!
•FISHERIES EFFECT?
•PREY AVAILABILITY?
•PREDATION INCREASE?
DESPITE THIS …
FACTS OR ARTIFACTS?
MPAs SIMULATION RESULTS
NO VAQUITA REFUGEE
YES VAQUITA REFUGEE
DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS UNCHANGED!
ALL MPAs CLOSED
ALL MPAs CLOSED +
NO FISHING IN VAQUITA DISTR.
GENERAL SIMULATED BIOMASS CHANGES
JUVENILE TOTOABA
1.70E-05
1.68E-05
1.66E-05
VAQUITA
1.64E-05
1.32E-06
1.30E-06
1.28E-06
1.26E-06
1.24E-06
1.22E-06
1.20E-06
1.18E-06
1.16E-06
1.14E-06
1.62E-05
1.60E-05
1.58E-05
ACTUAL
REFUGEE
CLOSED
VAQUITA
AREA
CLOSED
VAQUITA
AREA
ADULT TOTOABA
ACTUAL
REFUGEE
CLOSED
VAQUITA
AREA
1.03E-05
1.03E-05
1.03E-05
1.03E-05
1.02E-05
1.02E-05
1.02E-05
1.02E-05
1.02E-05
1.01E-05
ACTUAL
REFUGEE