Download I. Plant Structure and Growth (CHAPTER 35)

I. Plant Structure and Growth
Organism
Systems
Organs
1. Stems
(CHAPTER 35)
Tissues
1. Dermal
Tissues
Cells
Single layer, tightly
1. Epidermis packed “skin”, cuticle
Sclerenchyma Thick, 2ary walls
support, dead
Support,
long slender,
a.Fibers
hemp (rope), flax (linen)
Shoot
b.Sclereids Short, irregular,
2. Leaves
clumped, (nutshells,
Above Photosynthesis
pear grittiness)
2. Vascular 2.Xylem Transport water & support,
ground
thick 2ary walls, pits, dead
Tissues
Support
Protection
and
absorption
3. Flowers
Reproduction
Root
Below
ground
Transport
& Support
1. Tap roots
Storage
2. Fibrous
3. Ground
roots
Tissues
Absorption
a.Vessels Big, hollow, thick, ringed
b.Tracheids Thin, tapered ends
3. Phloem Transport Food
a. Sieve tubes
Living, but lacks many
organelles, pores,
conducting, sieve plates
b. Companion cells
Regulates sieve tubes, has
nuclei and ribosomes
“Filler”, “juicy
storage”, support,
metabolism, repair 1. Parenchyma
Thin walled, “juicy” ,
1. Embryonic
photosynthesis, storage,
-Undifferentiated, in restricted zones
4.
Meristematic
“totipotent”, repair, living
-Apical (buds & root tips) – primary growth, all
2.
Collenchyma
Tissues
plants
Thicker, uneven, support,
-Cambium (vascular & cork) – secondary
Cell Division
elongate," juicy”, living
growth, only woody plants
THE END
Monocots
(Eu)Dicots
Slide 1
The Three Major Tissue Groups
All plant
organs contain
the 3 different
plant tissues
Slide 1
Xylem Cells
Slide 1
Phloem Cells
Slide 1
Parenchyma Cells
Note:
1. Thin cell walls
2. Starch storage
bodies
3. Large vacuoles
“juicy”
Slide 1
Collenchyma Cells
Note:
1. Hollow, Irregular
2. “Juicy” with
large vacuoles
3. Thicker walls as
compared to
Parenchyma
Slide 1
Xylem Vessels
Note:
1. Continuous “cells”
2. Ringed support
3. Thick secondary
walls with lignin
Slide 1
Location of Embryonic Tissue
1. Vascular Cambium
2. Cork Cambium
Slide 1
The General Structure of a Flowering Plant
Slide 1
Fiber Sclerenchyma
Note:
1. Compact cells
2. Thick cells walls
3. Found in vascular
bundles
Slide 1
Sclereid Sclerenchyma
Note:
1. Irregular shaped cells
2. Very thick cell walls
(Stone cells extracted from pear pulp)
Slide 1
Secondary Growth of Stems
Slide 3
Secondary Root Formation in a Root
Epidermis
Old Xylem
New Xylem
New
Secondary
Root
Pericycle
Slide 3
Distribution of Xylem and Phloem by the Vascular Cambium
C = Cambium cell
X = Xylem Cell
D = Differentiation initial cell
P = Phloem Cell
Outer Layer
Inner Layer
Slide 3
The Anatomy of a Tree Trunk
Note:
Xylem
“wood”
1. The bark contains
all part outside of
the vascular
cambium including
the phloem
2. The Periderm
contains the cork
cambium and the
cork
Slide 3