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Information Visualization, Human-Computer
Interaction, and Cognitive Psychology:
Domain Visualizations
Kevin W. Boyack
Sandia National Laboratories
Outline
• Motivation
• Process
• VxInsight
– description
– demo
• Observations
• Recommendations
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Motivation for Study
• DIGITAL LIBRARIES (DL)
– need technology insertion from
• Information Visualization (IV)
• Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)
• Cognitive Psychology (CP)
• Are these fields merging? … If so, in what areas?
• Apply our visualization tool, VxInsight
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Study
• Create domain visualizations
• Combine the fields of IV, HCI, CP, and DL
• Several views
– article map
– semantic map
– co-author network
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Mapping Process Steps
• Data acquisition
Database search
• Define relationships
Similarities based on
common attributes
• Organize (cluster)
VxInsight ordination
algorithm (VxORD)
• Display, browse, access,
analyze
VxInsight
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Steps
• Data acquisition
Database search
– Queried SCI (>1991) and SSCI (>1995)
titles / abstracts / keywords
visualization (IV)
exploration (IV)
navigation (IV)
browsing (IV)
human-computer interaction (HCI)
human-computer interface (HCI)
cognitive psychology (CP)
cognitive science (CP)
cognitive model (CP)
cognitive system (CP)
digital library (DL)
mental model
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Steps
• Data acquisition
Database search
• Define relationships
Similarities based on
common attributes
– co-occurrence
wij = Tij / sqrt(ni * nj)
Tij - number of keywords in common for articles i and j
nk - number of keywords for any article k
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Steps
• Data acquisition
Database search
• Define relationships
Similarities based on
common attributes

• Organize (cluster)


E x , y   wi  li VxInsight
algorithm
Dx , y ordination
(VxORD)
i 0

n
2
n  number ofplacement
edges connected
to node
– Force-directed
algorithm
wi  weight of edge i
li  euclidean length of edge i
D x,y  densityof objects at/near coordinate x,y
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Steps
• Data acquisition
Database search
• Define relationships
Similarities based on
common attributes
• Organize (cluster)
VxInsight ordination
algorithm (VxORD)
• Display, browse, access,
analyze
VxInsight
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VxInsight™ Configuration
Visualize and navigate large
data sets
Configurable menus;
detailed information on
single data objects
Viewfinder
Choice of landscape
rendering
Peak labeling, updated
dynamically upon zoom
Linkages between data
elements
Mouse buttons control
zooming in or out
Limit displayed data with
date slider
SQL query to database
lights up matching data
objects
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Observations
• Few overlaps between fields
• Current overlap is Information Retrieval
• Terms show growth in smart algorithms
• Co-authorship network between fields is nonexistent
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Recommendations
• Focus collaborative work on Information Retrieval
• Additional focus on algorithms
• Should do author co-citation analysis
– Might show more extensive knowledge network
• Keywords are lacking on many articles
– LSA on titles/abstracts would include them
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