Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Sewage sludge treatment wikipedia , lookup
Extended producer responsibility wikipedia , lookup
Constructed wetland wikipedia , lookup
Sewage treatment wikipedia , lookup
Incineration wikipedia , lookup
Fecal sludge management wikipedia , lookup
Waste Isolation Pilot Plant wikipedia , lookup
VISUALIZATION ANALYSIS OF LOCATION AND TREATMENT STATE OF INDUSTRIAL SOLID WASTE USING GIS Shinya Suzuki, Fumiaki Hirano, and Yasushi Matsufuji Department of Civil Engineering, Fukuoka Univeristy 8-19-1, Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan E-mail: [email protected] 1. Introduction 2. Materials and Methods Proper solid waste managemet ! but, no body knows actual treatment and landfill conditions Municipal waste (50 Mt/year) “Annual Report” Waste generation ・Location ・Waste amount ・Treatment method Collection/Transportation General waste Because, Each company and factory “Industrial waste” (400 Mt/year) -bottom ash -sludge -oil ……… Business waste “Annual Report” Intermediate Treatment ・Location ・Treatment capacity Waste service companies Which facilities? - Intermediate treatment(17,381) incineration, crush, drying, …. - Landfill site (2,717) How? - Any possibility to illegal dumping? Collection/Transportation Landfill ・Location ・Treatment capacity GIS Visualization ・Relational Database “SQL” search - Site location - Treatment capacity - Treatment process - Treatment flow Database based on “Annual Report” Where? -in Fukuoka prefecture - 5 thousand km2 - 5 million people (4%)) Who? -Facilities in Fukuoka prefecture - Intermediate treatment - Landfill - 37,000 data ! (FY 1999) Fig. 1 Flow of this study Fig. 2 Location of treatment facilities Table 1 Characteristics of analyzed data ◆GIS? Data analysis easier by relational database -connection between multi tables based on common ID -connection between map and attribute information -enables data addition or modification freely Merit -can divide “shared” with “separated” database -can minimize amount of data -can guarantee consistency of data ◆to establish an integrated industrial waste management system by using “Geographic Information System” ◆to analyze characteristics of location of treated facilities for understanding of waste movement process by comparing difference of waste ◆to analyze actual condition of construction waste Date source Target of data Accuracy on data Information of location and movement Conventional method Actual condition survey on industrial waste treatment (Q uestionare) Waste producer about 50 % impossible Method in this study "Annual report on the waste treatment results " Waste service company almost 100 % possible 3. Results and Discussions 3.1 Generation state of each kind of waste 600 600 500 500 300 100 2,500 50% Construction material Frequency 2,000 40% Construction material 1,500 30% 1,000 20% 500 10% 600 Percentage of waste amount 20% 10% 50% Plastics 40% 400 30% 300 20% 200 10000 - 7500 10000 5000 2500 750 1000 500 75 250 50 100 0% 25 10% 0 10 100 Sludge Dehydration (Unit: t/year) Facilities Capacity(a) Actual amount(b) (b)/(a) 30% 200 500 3.3 Treatment process in each treatment phase Table 2 Comparison between treatment capacity and actual amount of waste treated in each treatment method 40% Frequency Percentage of waste amount 400 3.2 Comparison between the treatment capacity and the actual treatment results 50% Sludge S ludge Dehydration Drying (S un drying) Incineration Cement kiln Others Construction material Crush and separation Cement kiln Others Plastics Crush and separation Melting Cement kiln Incineration 11 5 5 7 5 13 160,000 112,000 92,161 16,361 0.58 0.15 35,000 1,621,000 438,000 10,077 442,044 59,490 0.29 0.04 0.14 94 5 2 12,340,000 11,621,000 73,000 1,196,504 267 982 0.10 0.00 0.01 48 12 5 28 1,991,000 27,000 349,000 52,000 108,407 700 28,134 7,200 0.05 0.03 0.08 0.14 Waste Source Cement kiln Utlization Incineration Landfill Drying Sun drying Construction material Crush and separation Cement kiln Utilization Waste Source Landfill Plastics Crush and separation Fig. 4 Treatment capacity and actual amount of waste treated in intermediate treatment facility for construction materials Melting Utlization Cement kiln Waste Source Incineration Landfill ◆Planned treatment capacities are much higher than those of actual treatment results Waste amount(t/business/year) Especially in case of cement kilns, Fig. 3 Histogram on each category of waste from waste source ◆Total amount of waste treated Small number of specific businesses have a great influence →Waste service companies in other prefectures 1st treatment ◆Some have 8,000 t/facility of capacity in larger sites, and enable to accept various kinds of and large amount of industrial waste Quality of criteria of recycled product is necessary to be taken into consideration for utilization of existing facilities ◆Utilization of new technologies (melting, Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) and Refuse Paper and Plastics Fuel (RPF) ): also considered to facilitate utilization of industrial waste. 3.4 Flow analysis on each phase of treatment 2nd treatment Fig. 5 Treatment process in each waste ◆1st treatment Volume reduction, homogenization, separation ◆2nd treatment Change of properties, reproduction or stabilization Flow analysis on sludge ◆1st treatment - Transported from neighboring municipalities, especially from Fukuoka city ◆2nd treatment - Transported in great distance from such as Tokyo metropolitan area and Osaka area ◆Landfill - Highest quantity of waste: transported from subway construction in Fukuoka city →countermeasures for public work projects are effective to ensure waste minimization Flow analysis on construction material 1st treatment (sludge) 1st treatment (construction material) 1st treatment (plastics) ◆1st treatment & 2nd treatment - Similar to flow on sludge ◆Landfill - High percentage of recovery for construction materials (90%) - Expected to increase recovery rate by ensuring appropriate waste source separation and waste treatment Flow analysis on plastics ◆Landfill - Amount of landfilled waste: equal to amount of waste generated (0.1 Mt/year) →enough countermeasures for plastics reduction have not been implemented because, 2nd treatment (sludge) 2nd treatment (construction material) 2nd treatment (plastics) 1. one of wastes accepted in “least controlled landfill sites” that can maintain at low cost 2. regulation for dioxins discharge has been tightend 4. Conclustions Landfill (sludge) Fig. 6 Visualization of flow on sludge in each treatment phase Landfill (construction material) Fig. 7 Visualization of flow on construction materials in each treatment phase Landfill (plastics) Fig. 8 Visualization of flow on plastics in each treatment phase ◆We developed effective analytical method by reviewing treatment process of each classification - Relating information about waste source and treatment facilities - Important to analyze data by taking treatment process and waste generation/treatment location into account - Former utilization system: cost effective from point of view of capital cost of facilities - Countermeasures for public work projects: effective to facilitate waste minimization