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DATABASE SPASIAL DENGAN
POSTGRESQL
GALIH WASIS WICAKSONO
TEKNIK INFORMATIKA UMM
PENGANTAR
 PostGIS adalah extensi spasial untuk
PostgreSQL
 PostGIS bertujuan untuk menjadikan OpenGIS
menjadi fitur yang mudah dan sederhana bagi
SQL dalam database spasial.
TUJUAN POSTGIS
 Database spasial yang Open source
 Database dengan fitur spasial sangat mahal ex
oracle
 Memiliki banyak fitur – fitur/fungsi spasial
 Mengembangkan fungsi spasial cukup sulit.
 Mendukung fungsi spasial untuk berbagai tujuan.
 Mendukung organisasi informasi, visualisasi, dan
analisa spasial.
MODEL DATA SPASIAL
 Jalan direpresentasikan dengan garis
 kotak surat direpresentasikan dengan titik.
MODEL DATA SPASIAL
 Landuse direpresentasikan poligon
MODEL DATA SPASIAL
 Kombinasi data spasial (point, line, poligon)
RELASI SPASIAL
DISTANCE
DISTANCE TO VARIOUS POINT
KEDEKATAN / ADJACENCY
KONEKTIVITAS
CONTAINMENT/KANDUNGAN
CONTAINMENT & ADJACENCY
PENGGUNAAN DB SPASIAL
 Geocodable addresses
 Weather Information
 Customer location
 Land holdings
 Store locations
 Natural resources
 Transportation tracking
 City Planning
 Statistical/Demographic
 Environmental planning
 Cartography
 Information Visualization
 Epidemiology
 Hazard detection
 Crime patterns
KEUNTUNGAN DB SPASIAL
 Dapat memperlakukan data spasial dengan
model apapun dalam database :
 transactions
 backups
 integrity checks
 less data redundancy
 fundamental organization and operations handled by
the Database
 multi-user support
 security/access control
 locking
KEUNTUNGAN DB SPASIAL
 Mengatasi tugas – tugas besar dari db server
 organisasi dan indexing
 tidak perlu re-implementasi bagi operator
 tidak perlu re-implementasi bagi fungsi
 Waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mengembangkan
aplikasi database disisi client lebih mudah
KEUNTUNGAN DB SPASIAL
 Query spasial untuk relasi
 distance
 adjacency
 containment
 Query spasial untuk operator
 area
 length
 intersection
 union
 buffer
QUERY OPERATOR SPASIAL
Original Polygons
Union
Intersection
QUERY OPERATOR SPASIAL
Buffered rivers
Original river network
CONTOH SQL
 Membuat table pubs
create table pubs
name varchar,beer_price float4);
addgeometrycolumn(‘beer_db’,'pubs','lo
cation’,2167,'POINT',3);
CONTOH SQL
 Insert data
insert into pubs values(
'Garricks Head‘,
4.50,
GeometryFromText(
'POINT(1196131 383324)’,
2167
)
);
CONTOH SQL
Insert data
PERFORM QUERY
select name, beer_price, distance(location,
GeometryFromText('POINT(1195722 383854)',2167))
from pubs order by beer_price;
name
| beer_price |
distance
---------------+------------+-----------------Fireside
|
4.25 | 1484.10275160491
The Forge
|
4.33 | 1533.06561109862
Rumours
|
4.46 | 2042.00094093097
Garricks Head |
4.5 | 669.389105609889
Slap Happy
|
4.5 | 1882.31910168298
Old Bailys
|
4.55 | 1147.20900404641
Black Sheep
|
4.66 | 536.859935972633
Big Bad Daves |
4.75 | 907.446543878884
PERFORM QUERY
select name, beer_price + 0.001 *
distance(location,
GeometryFromText('POINT(1195722 383854)',2167))
as net_price from pubs order by price;
name
|
net_price
---------------+-----------------Garricks Head | 5.16938910560989
Black Sheep
| 5.19685978338474
Big Bad Daves | 5.65744654387888
Old Bailys
| 5.69720919478127
Fireside
| 5.73410275160491
The Forge
| 5.86306553480468
Slap Happy
| 6.38231910168298
Rumours
| 6.50200097907794
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