Download Comparison Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Characteristic Prokaryotes

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Comparison Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Characteristic
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Size of cell
Typically 0.2-2.0 m m in
Typically 10-100 m m in diameter
diameter
Nucleus
No nuclear membrane
or nucleoli (nucleoid)
Membrane-enclosed
organelles
Absent
True nucleus, consisting of nuclear
membrane & nucleoli
 Present
 examples include lysosomes, Golgi
complex, endoplasmic reticulum,
mitochondria & chloroplasts
Flagella
Consist of two protein
building blocks
Complex; consist of multiple
microtubules
Glycocalyx
Present as a capsule or Present in some cells that lack a cell
slime layer
wall
Cell wall
Usually present;
chemically complex
(typical bacterial cell
wall includes
peptidoglycan)
When present, chemically simple
Plasma membrane
No carbohydrates and
generally lacks sterols
Sterols and carbohydrates that serve
as receptors present
Cytoplasm
No cytosketeton or
cytoplasmic streaming
Cytoskeleton; cytoplasmic streaming
Ribosomes
Smaller size (70S)
Larger size (80S), in organelles
Single circular
Chromosome (DNA)
chromosome; lacks
arrangement
histones
Multiple linear chromosomes with
histones
Cell division
Mitosis
Binary fission
No meiosis; transfer of
Sexual reproduction DNA fragments only
Involves meiosis
(conjugation)
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