Download Eukaryotic Cells vs. Prokaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic Cells
vs.
Prokaryotic Cells
Cell Theory
Cells are the basic units of living
organisms.
 The cell theory states that:

 All
living things are made of one or more cells.
 Cells are the basic unit of structure and
function in living things.
 All cells come from other cells.
Cell Types



Two categories:
1. have membranebound organelles and
2. those that do not.
Cells that do not have
membrane-bound
organelles are called
prokaryotic cells.
Unicellular organisms
such as bacteria are
examples of prokaryotes.
Cell Types

Cells that contain organelles which are held
together by membranes are called eukaryotic
cells. Examples include plant and animal cells.
Eukaryotic Cell Structure
 The
plasma
membrane is the
flexible boundary
of a cell that
separates a cell
from its
surroundings.
Plasma Membrane
allows nutrients to enter the cell and
waste to be removed. This is referred to
as selective permeability.
*(Selective=Chooses, Permeability=filter
through)*
 keeping a healthy balance of nutrients and
water within the cell is called
homeostasis.

Eukaryotic Animal cell
Overview of Organelles





Nucleus- most inner compartment of the cell
that contains chromatin (DNA).
Chromatin- Directions on how to make proteins.
Nucleolus- Found inside nucleus, ribosomes
are made here
Ribosomes- make proteins (made up of RNA
and protein)
Cytoplasm- clear gel like fluid inside the cell,
which suspends all organelles.
Overview Cont’d




Endoplasmic Reticulum- extensive network of
membranes.
Golgi Apparatus- sorts proteins made by the
ribosomes and sends them to needed places in
the cell.
Lysosomes- organelles that are filled with
digestive enzymes to remove waste and
invading bacteria.
Mitochondria- release energy for the cell.
Eukaryotic plant cell

Plant cells are also Eukaryotic cells, but plant
cells contain some organelles that are not found
in animal cells.
Plant Cell Organelles




Cell wall- rigid wall outside the plasma
membrane. It provides the cell with extra
support.
Chloroplasts- captures light and energy; and
converts it into chemical energy.
Chlorophyll- green pigment found inside the
chloroplast.
Plastids- organelles that store things such as
food in the plant cell.
Poster project

Create a 3 part poster comparing and
contrasting the structures/organelles of
each cell (prokaryotic, animal and plant)
 Identify
the shape of each cell
 Identify the structure and function of
each organelle in the eukaryotic cells
 Point out differences between organelles
in the plant and animal cell
Poster example 1:
/wcsstore/
Poster example 2:
Bacterial cell
Animal cell
Plant cell