Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the work of artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Cell Structure & Function
Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript
Cell Structure & Function http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html Cell Theory • All living things are made up of cells. • Cells are the smallest working units of all living things. • All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division. Cell Theory Scientists • Hooke – named cells after viewing cork under a microscope • Leeuwenhook – saw living cells and called them “animalcules” • Schwann – concluded that animals were made of cells • Schleiden – concluded that plants were made of cells • Virchow – determined that cells only came from pre-existing cells Definition of Cell The smallest unit capable of life. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell Nerve Cell Two Types of Cells •Prokaryotic •Eukaryotic Prokaryotic • No membrane bound structures • No organelles • One-celled organisms, Bacteria http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html Eukaryotic • Contain organelles surrounded by membranes • Most living organisms Plant http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html Animal “Typical” Animal Cell http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif “Typical” Plant Cell http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif Cell Parts Organelles Surrounding the Cell Cell Membrane • Outer part of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell • Double layer called Phospholipid bilayer http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html Cell Wall • Found in plant cells & bacteria • Supports & protects cells http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html Inside the Cell Nucleus • Directs cell activities • Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane • Contains DNA Nuclear Membrane • Surrounds nucleus • Made of two layers • Openings allow material to enter and leave http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html Chromosomes • In nucleus • Made of DNA • Contain genetic info http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html Nucleolus • Inside nucleus • Makes ribosomes http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html Cytoplasm • Gel-like mixture that fills cell • Site of some chemical reactions Endoplasmic Reticulum • Moves materials around in cell to assemble proteins • Smooth type: lacks ribosomes • Rough type (pictured): ribosomes embedded in surface http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html Ribosomes • Each cell contains thousands • Make proteins • Found on ER & floating throughout the cell http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html Mitochondria • Produces energy through chemical reactions – breaking down fats & carbohydrates • Site of cell respiration http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html Golgi Bodies • Protein 'packaging plant' • Move materials in and out of the cell http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html Lysosome • Digests worn out parts, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates • Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html Vacuoles • Membrane-bound sacs for storage (especially water in plants) • Help plants maintain shape http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html Chloroplast • Found in plant cells • Contains green chlorophyll • Site of photosynthesis http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Related documents