Download Mitosis

Cellular Reproduction
Cell Division
cellular material is divided between
new daughter cells
Nuclear division: Mitosis or Meiosis
Cytoplasmic division: Cytokinesis
Mitosis and Meiosis in the Human Life Cycle
Cell Cycle with Mitosis
G2
assembly of
components
for division
S
chromosomes
replicate
Mitosis
P M
A
T
Mitosis
P = prophase
M = metaphase
A = anaphase
T = telophase
cytokinesis
G1
cytoplasm
doubles
Interphase
Interphase
G1 = growth phase 1
S = synthesis phase
G2 = growth phase 2
Applying Your Knowledge
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
G1
S
G2
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
A. When does nuclear division occur?
B. When are the chromosomes duplicated?
C. When do the cytoplasmic contents double?
Interphase
nucleus
nucleolus
Chromatin is diffuse,
individual chromosomes
cannot be distinguished.
Prophase
Chromosomes condense.
Spindle forms.
Nucleolus disappears.
Nuclear envelope breaks down.
centromere
chromatid
chromatid
Sister
Chromatids are
held together
at their
centromeres.
Each chromosome appears as a pair of
chromatids attached at the centromere.
Metaphase
Chromatid pairs align
at the cell equator.
Anaphase
Sister chromatids separate
and are drawn to opposite
poles by spindle fibers.
Telophase
Chromosomes have reached poles of cell.
Spindle disperses.
Nuclear envelope surrounds chromosomes.
Chromosomes become diffuse, nucleolus reforms.
Telophase +
Cytokinesis
These phases can overlap in time.
New Daughter Cells
Cytokinesis in animal cells
Cytokinesis in plant cells
Applying Your Knowledge
1.
2.
3.
4.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
A. When do chromosomes line up at the cell
equator?
B. When are sister chromatids first visible?
C. When do sister chromatids separate from
each other?
Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis
Mitosis
Cell type at start
Cell type at end
Are products identical? (Y/N)
Number of cells produced
Number of chromosome
duplications
Pairing of homologues (Y/N)
Crossing-over (Y/N)
Number of chromosome
divisions
Meiosis
Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis
Cell type at start
Cell type at end
Are products identical? (Y/N)
Number of cells produced
Number of chromosome
duplications prior to
Pairing of homologues (Y/N)
Crossing-over (Y/N)
Number of chromosome
divisions
Mitosis
Meiosis
Diploid
Diploid
Yes
Two
One
Diploid
Haploid
No
Four
One
No
No
One
Yes
Yes
Two