Download A) Intro to Cells 9.25 REG

AGENDA – 9/25/2015
• Take out science journal and pick a new seat
next to someone new!
Bell-Ringer: Cells
Introduction to Cells notes
Closing: Double Bubble Map – Pro vs. Eu
Homework:
– Watch “Crash Course: Animal Cells” and
“Endosymbiosis in Plain English” videos on
Moodle!
Bell-ringer: 9/25/15
1. Pair up in 2’s or 3’s.
Look at the two pictures of cells (“A” and “B”).
Discuss differences and similarities.
Write down your ideas in your bell-ringer box.
Today’s Objectives:
• Identify the similarities and differences between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
CELLS
Cells are the building blocks of all living things.
Your body contains different structures and
organs that each have a specific job.
In the same way, cells have different structures
and organelles (tiny organs) that each have
their own specific function (job) which helps the
cell survive.
Some organelles have a protective layer
(or membrane) around them.
mitochondria
Other organelles don’t have a membrane around
them.
ribosome
First to View Cells
• In 1665, Robert
Hooke used a
microscope to
examine a thin slice
of cork (dead plant
cell walls)
• What he saw looked
like small boxes
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7
CELLS
• After cells were discovered under a microscope,
several scientists came together and made what is
called the cell theory
CELLS
The cell theory is made up of three
main ideas:
All living things are composed of one or more cells.
Multi-cellular organism
Uni-cellular organism
CELLS
The cell is the basic unit of organization of
living things.
CELLS
All cells come from preexisting cells(cells divide and make new cells).
ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY
• In 1970, American biologist,
Lynn Margulis, provided
evidence that Mitochondria
and Chloroplasts were at one
time free living cells
themselves
• Supporting evidence
included organelles with
their own DNA
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12
TWO TYPES OF CELLS
Cells are divided into two groups:
PROKARYOTIC CELLS
1. SIMPLE CELLS
2. NO NUCLEUS,
DNA floats around in the center of the cell
“PRO” RHYMES WITH “NO” - “No Nucleus”
ORGANISMS MADE OF THESE CELLS: ONLY BACTERIA
TWO TYPES OF CELLS
Cells are divided into two groups:
EUKARYOTIC CELLS
1. COMPLEX CELLS
2. HAVE A NUCLEUS,
DNA is found enclosed inside the nucleus
3. HAS “MEMBRANE- BOUND” ORGANELLES
“EU” – “YOU” ARE MADE OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS
EUKARYOTIC CELLS
Organisms made of eukaryotic cells:
(Everything EXCEPT bacteria)
- Protists
- Fungi
- Plants
- Animals
Genetic Material
The master set of directions for making proteins
(making you) is contained in DNA.
Prokaryotic cells only have one long strand of DNA
Eukaryotic cells have different amounts of DNA
(depending on what type of organism it is).
Cell Control Center
In prokaryotic cells, the DNA is found floating in
the middle of the cell….
In eukaryotic cells, DNA is found inside the nucleus.
Cell Control Center
Just as every team needs a leader, the cell needs a leader
to give directions.
Nucleus
The nucleus is the leader of the eukaryotic cell because it
contains directions to make proteins.
Every part of the cell depends on proteins, so by containing
the blueprints to make proteins, the nucleus controls the
actions of all the organelles.
Homeostasis
Inside
the cell
Outside
the cell
Plasma
membrane
Plasma
membrane
• The plasma membrane (also called cell membrane)
is a “skin” that covers the cell.
• All cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic)
have a plasma membrane.
• Tape/glue in your Intro to Cells Notes
1. Create a double bubble map in your journal for “Prokaryotic cells vs.
Eukaryotic cells.”
2. For homework, you need to watch the “Crash Course: Animal Cells”
and “Endosymbiosis in Plain English” videos on Moodle.
** IN COMMON**
** IN COMMON**
PROKARYOTIC CELL
EUKARYOTIC CELL
** IN COMMON**
** IN COMMON**
A.
B.