Download Mitosis Cell Division

How do CELLS
REPRODUCE?
Mitosis: asexual reproductions
Meiosis: sexual reproduction
Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of
Chromosomes are located in the
nucleus of a cell containing
tightly spindled DNA. Chromatid is a
single
chromosome
Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of
Mitosis
Cell
Division
Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of
Mitosis
Q: How do organisms Grow?
A1: Make Larger Cells
A2: Make More Cells
Review: Cell TheoryAll cells come from pre-existing cells.
Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of
Mitosis
Your cells are dividing, growing, dying
all the time.
Your body produces billions of cells.
Cells divide, specialize, form tissues,
organize into organs, work together to
form organ systems.
Part of you that is always undergoing
Mitosis: Skin, Blood Cells
Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of
Parts of the
Plant that are
always
dividing for
growth:
Roots and
Stem
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Mitosis – Cell Division – Asexual
Reproduction
Cells divide into 2
new identical cells.
5 Phases of Mitosis
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
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Mitosis – Cell Division – Asexual
Reproduction
Interphase
Prophase
***Your
pictures will
go here!!!
Metaphase
Anaphase
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***Your description will go
here!!!
Cell Cycle is the sequence of stages
through which a cell passes between one
cell division.
 The
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Cell Cycle is the sequence of stages
through which a cell passes between one
cell division.
G1
Growth phase
S
Replication of
DNA
G2
 The
Replication
Organelles
and Growth of
mitosis
The cell cycle 3 phases of Interphase
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Interphase
 1st stage: G1, S, and G2
in each.
 When cell prepares for
division.
 Chromosomes
duplicate!!!
 Cell grows
 Some do not count this
as the first stage of
mitosis!
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Chromosomes
are visible.
Prophase
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Nucleus
begins to
break apart.
Metaphase
 Chromosomes line up
along the center of the
cell.
 MIDDLE!
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Anaphase
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 Duplicated Chromosomes
pull away from each
other.
 2 New cells form.
Telophase
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 Cell division completes
 2 New cells form.
Cytokinesis
 Cell division completes
 Cytokinesis occurs (new
cell wall forms or cell
membrane is pinched in)
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Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of
Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of
Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of
Remember!
Mitosis is Asexual.
Mitosis is for growth and repairing
old, dead cells.
Mitosis occurs throughout the body.
Mitosis stages are IPMAT.
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Mitosis begins with 1 cell & ends with
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Cancer
Result of Uncontrolled Cell division in
Mitosis.
From environmental factors, changes
in enzymes that regulate cell
division, & genetics.
Second leading cause of death in the
U.S.
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Cancerous Cells
Cells divide, and keep
dividing.
This forms masses of tissue
called a Tumor.
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Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of
Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of
Educational Public Service
Announcement/Brochure
 You are an oncologist (scientist who studies cancer) & you would like to
educate the public about cancer so that they may make healthful choices
in their lives.
Please include:
1. The cause of cancer at the cell level.
2. Types of cancer that are most common in the U.S.
3. General environmental causes of cancer.
4. Preventative actions one can take (this should be the largest & most
important section of the brochure.
Be Creative, Informative, Clear, & Specific
See your book: pages 211-214
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Diploid Cell –
full set of
chromosome
s
= Sexual
Reproductio
n
Same as Mitosis
Haploid Cells
–
½ set of
chromosomes
Also called
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Gametes
Ex. Sperm,
2 daughter cells are identical to
parent cell.
Chromosomes do NOT duplicate
here. Each cell divideschromosomes separating randomly!
The Result: 4 daughter
cells
with ½ the number of
chromosomes
needed for an individual.
Sperm
are
create
d
Eggs are
created
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Resulting Cell when 2
gametes fuse =
MEIOSIS: cell division necessary
for reproduction.
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meiosis
Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of
Meiosis :Cell division for sexual
reproduction.
Cells are located in the testes (males)
females(ovaries)
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Meiosis: IPMAT cytokinesis 2nd phase
of PMAT producing 4 (haploidsingle)daughter cells
I
II
Prophase
Synapsis occurs
and crossing over
of chromosomes
Metaphase
Pairs of
chromosomes line
in the plates
2 celled-pair of
chromosomes line
in the plates
Anaphase
Homologous pairs
separate
Sister chromatids
seperates
Telophase
Division occurs
Division occurs
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same
Function: creates gametes
Meiosis
(sperm, egg, pollen) for
sexual reproduction.
From one Gamete forming
cell – 4 daughter cells are
formed.
Haploid cells are created –
which have ½ the number
of chromosomes as the
parent or normal body
cells.
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Mistakes in Meiosis
Genetic Recombination: AKA Crossing Over
 Occurs during meiosis,
chromosomes actually cross over
each other, genetic material gets
switched!
This leads to genetic variability!


Can be an endless number of
different chromosomes possible!
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Mistakes in Meiosis
 Non-Disjunction
 Failure of Chromosomes to separate properly during
meiosis.
 Result: Zygote will have extra chromosomes or too few
chromosomes.
 Most Zygotes will not survive.
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Non-Disjunction
 In humans, a person with an extra 21st chromosomes will have
Down’s Syndrome
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Mitosis vs. Meiosis
Mitosis
Function
Type of Reproduction
# of Cells Produced
Type of Cell Produced
# of Cellular Divisions
# of Chromosomes in
Daughter cells
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Meiosis
Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of
Mitosis vs. Meiosis
Function
Type of Reproduction
Mitosis
Meiosis
Create new cells for Create gametes for
growth & replace
sexual
old cells
reproduction
Asexual
Sexual
# of Cells Produced
Type of Cell Produced
2
Diploid
4
Haploid
# of Cellular Divisions
1
2
# of Chromosomes in
Daughter cells
Same as parent cell
½ as parent cell
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