Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the work of artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download No Slide Title
Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript
THE PLANT CELL Tissues • Aggregation of cells – Simple: composed of one cell type – Complex: composed of different cell types THE PLANT CELL • Cell Wall • Protoplast CELL WALL Middle lamella Primary wall Secondary wall Plasmodesmata Plasma membrane Middle lamella Secondary wall Primary wall CHEMICALCOMPOSITION MIDDLE LAMELLA Pectins Calcium CHEMICALCOMPOSITION PRIMARY WALL Cellulose (30%) Hemicelluloses (30%) Pectins (30%) Proteins (10%) CHEMICALCOMPOSITION SECONDARY WALL Cellulose (50%) Hemicelluloses (20%) Proteins (< 10%) LIGNIN PLASMODESMATA PLASMA MEMBRANE • Phospholipid bilayer • Semi-permeable membrane • Compartmentalization PLASMA MEMBRANE • Functions – perception of external signals – synthesis of cellulose – transport of molecules, ions, hormones, etc. in & out of the cell • Osmosis • Active transport • Passive transport SINGLE MEMBRANED ORGANELLES • Vacuole • Microbodies Single Membraned Organelles VACUOLE • Tonoplast (membrane: phospholipid bilayer) • Functions: – storage of H2O, inorganic compounds, 1o and 2o metabolites, anthocyanins – cell turgidity Single Membraned Organelles MICROBODIES • Fat bodies • Protein bodies DOUBLE MEMBRANED ORGANELLES • Plastids • Nucleus • Mitochondria Double Membraned Organelles PLASTIDS • • • • Chloroplasts Chromoplasts Amyloplasts Leucoplasts Double Membraned Organelles NUCLEUS • • • • nuclear envelopes (pores) nucleoplasma chromosomes nucleolus Double Membraned Organelles MITOCHONDRIA • respiration • DNA, RNA • ribosomes ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM • Endoplasmic Reticulum • Golgi apparatus • Vesicles Endomembrane System ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM • rough and smooth ER • synthesis of membrane Endomembrane System GOLGI APPARATUS • synthesis of cell wall materials • protein modification Endomembrane System VESICLES Non-Membranous Components RIBOSOMES • ribosomal RNA + proteins • associated with the rough ER and free in cytoplasm • synthesis of all protein Non-Membranous Components Cytoskeleton • Microtubules - Tubulin & • Microfilaments - actin filaments • Intermediate filaments
Related documents