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Download CELL PARTS Chapter 4 - Oakland High School
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Cell Organelles Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear envelope Rough endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Ribosome (attached) Ribosome (free) Cell Membrane Mitochondrion Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Centrioles Image from: © Pearson Education Inc, Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall; All rights reserved Animal Cell Nucleolus Nucleus Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Ribosome (free) Nuclear envelope Cell membrane Rough endoplasmic reticulum Ribosome (attached) Centrioles Golgi apparatus Mitochondrion Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Plant Cell Nucleolus Nucleus Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Nuclear envelope Ribosome (free) Rough endoplasmic reticulum Ribosome (attached) Golgi apparatus Cell wall Cell membrane Chloroplast Mitochondrion Vacuole Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall REMEMBER… Cells without a nucleus or organelles are called: PROKARYOTES ________________ Bacterial Cell http://www.earthlife.net/prokaryotes/welcome.html http://summit.k12.co.us/schools/shs/computer/tkelley/types.html Cells with a nucleus and organelles are called: EUKARYOTES _________________ CYTOPLASM Organelles suspended in gel-like goo… empty space within the cell Image from: http://faculty.stcc.cc.tn.us/jiwilliams/labprojectsmenu.htm NUCLEUS • The control center of the cell • Largest organelle in animal cells • Contains genetic material DNA DNA Nuclear envelope Nucleolus Nuclear pores NUCLEOLUS • The nucleolus is where the assembly of ribosomes begins. Nucleolus Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Image from: http://anthro.palomar.edu/animal/default.htm CYTOSKELETON • Helps the cell maintain shape Microtubules & Microfilaments Image from: © Pearson Education Inc, Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall; All rights reserved MITOCHONDRIA • Singular: Mitochonrion Plural: Mitochondria • The “Powerplant” of the cell – Stores energy in the form of ATP Mitochondria RIBOSOMES • Can be attached to Rough ER OR free in cytoplasm. • This is where proteins are made! Image from: http://www.biologyclass.net/endoplasmic.jpe Endoplasmic Reticulum •Two types •Rough ER •Has ribosomes •protein making •Smooth ER •No ribosomes attached •Makes lipids Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Ribosomes GOLGI APPARATUS • Modify, sort, & package molecules from ER for storage or transport out of cell- like the post office • Ships proteins to their final destination. Image from: http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/golgi.h LYSOSOMES •Digest food, unwanted molecules, old organelles, cells, bacteria, etc. •Like trash men: they take out the garbage! •Also known as suicide sacs VACUOLES • Plant cells: large • Animal cells: small • Storage space Vacuole CHLOROPLAST • In plant cells • Use energy from the sun to make food Chloroplast DIFFERENCES IN ANIMAL CELLS, PLANT CELLS, AND BACTERIA ANIMAL CELL PLANT CELL BACTERIA Eukaryotes Eukaryotes Prokaryotes Cell membrane Cell membrane Cell membrane Nuclear membrane Nuclear membrane NO cell wall Cell wall made of CELLULOSE Cell wall made of PEPTIDOGLYCAN Has ribosomes Has ribosomes Has ribosomes DNA in multiple chromosomes DNA in multiple chromosomes DNA is a single circular ring CYTOSKELETON CYTOSKELETON CYTOSKELETON Small vacuoles Really big vacuole NO vacuoles Has lysosomes Has lysosomes NO lysosomes Has centrioles NO centrioles NO centrioles NO chloroplasts Chloroplasts NO chloroplasts SMALLER SMALL SMALLEST NO nuclear membrane Sources • http://brookings.k12.sd.us/biology/CellStruc ture.htm Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
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