Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Chapter 10 Cell Growth & Division 10-2 Cell Division FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Chromosomes • Carry Genetic Information From One Generation of Cell to the Next Generation of Cells • Made Up Of: DNA + Protein FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Chromosomes Every Organism Has A Specific Number Of Chromosomes Fruit Flys = 8 Carrots = 18 Humans = 46 Giraffe = 30 King Crab = 208 FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Chromosomes • Not Visible Except During Division • Well Before Division They Duplicate FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Chromosomes • Chromatids – Just Before Division Chromosomes Condense Into Compact, Visible Structures Called Chromatids • Centromere – Each Chromosome Has Two, Identical Chromatids Connected By A Centromere FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Chromosomes Chromatid A Kenitophore Copy of Chromatid A Centromere Microtubules or Spindle Fibers Chromatid A Copy of Chromatid A FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT The Cell Cycle Key Concept: During The Cell Cycle: A Cell Grows Prepares For Division Divides To Form Two Daughter Cells Each Daughter Cell Then Begins The Cycle Again FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Cell Cycle FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Interphase Time In-Between Cell Divisions FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Cell Division or M phase FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Events Of The Cell Cycle Interphase May Be Quite Long Divided Into 3 Parts FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT The 3 Parts of Interphase G1 Phase Cell Grows In Size Synthesize New Proteins & Organelles FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT The 3 Parts of Interphase S Phase Chromosomes Are Replicated Once This Phase Begins The Cell Completes Division FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT The 3 Parts of Interphase G2 Phase Organelles & Proteins Required For Mitosis Are Produced Cell Is Now Ready To Enter M Phase (Mitosis) FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Mitosis Key Concept: Biologists Divide The Events Of Mitosis Into Four Phases: 1.Prophase 2.Metaphase 3.Anaphase 4.Telophase FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Prophase 1st & Longest Phase Chromosomes Become Visible Centrioles Separate & Take Up Position On Opposite Sides Of The Nucleus Spindle Begins To Form FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Prophase In Animals Spindle Fibers Attach To Centromere On Each Chromatid In Plants No Centromere, Spindle Fibers Still Form From Centrosomes FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Late Prophase • Nucleolus Disappears • Nuclear Envelope Breaks Down FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Metaphase Short Just A Few Minutes • Chromosomes Line Up Across Center Of The Cell • Microtubules Connect The Centromere To The Poles Of The Spindle FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Anaphase • Centromeres Separate • Sister Chromatids Separate • Each Set Of Chromosomes Pulled To Their Poles FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Telophase • Chromosomes Disperse • New Nuclear Envelopes Form • Spindle Breaks Apart • Nucleolus Reforms FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Cytokinesis • There Are Now Two Nuclei In One Cell • Cytokinesis Is The Division Of The Cytoplasm Into Two Cells • The Cell Membrane Is Drawn Inward Until The Cell Pinches Into Two Equal Parts FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Cytokinesis In Plants A New Cell Plate Forms In The Middle Of The Cell Which Attaches To, And Becomes Part Of, The Cell Wall FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT