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Cell Structure
Prokaryotic
before nucleus
Eukaryotic
true nucleus
Comparing Cell Sizes
Mycoplasma 0.3-0.8 µm
E. coli 1x2 µm
Cyanobacteria 10 µm diam
Plant Cell 30x75 µm
Obviously eukaryotic
Nucleus present
Mitochondrion  Bacterium
Chloroplast  Cyanobacterium
Endosymbiosis: Eukaryotes are Chimeras!
http://content.answers.com/main/content/img/scitech/HSmatthi.jpg
http://home.tiscalinet.ch/biografien/images/schwann.jpg
Cell Theory
1839
Theodor Schwann
Prussian Zoologist
1810-1882
Matthias Schleiden
German Botanist
1804-1881
1. All living organisms consist of one or more cells.
2. Some organisms are unicellular, so cells are the fundamental unit of life.
3. New cells come from pre-existing cells by cell division.
We can now add:
4. Cells must show all the properties of life.
5. All cells are basically similar in chemical and structural composition.
Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Chloroplast
-photosynthesis
Middle Lamella-pectin glue
Cell Wall-cellulose+protein
Cell Membrane-phospholipid
-transport proteins
Cytosol-enzymes for
-fermentation
-glycolysis
70S ribosomes
naked, circular DNA
Mitochondria
-respiration
70S ribosomes
naked, circular DNA
Vacuoletoxic waste
processing
Vesicles
-import/export package
Golgi Apparatus
-sorting
-packaging
Nucleus-DNA linear
histone bound
-transcription
-replication
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
-internal transport
80S Ribosomes
-protein synthesis
-translation
Other eukaryotic
organelles have
been omitted here!