Download Chapter 7

Survey
yes no Was this document useful for you?
   Thank you for your participation!

* Your assessment is very important for improving the work of artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project

page
1
page
2
page
3
page
4
page
5
page
6
page
7
page
8
page
9
page
10
page
11
page
12
page
13
page
14
page
15
page
16
page
17
page
18
page
19
page
20
page
21
page
22
page
23
page
24
page
25
page
26
page
27
page
28
page
29
page
30
page
31
page
32
page
33
page
34
page
35
page
36
page
37
page
38
page
39
page
40
page
41
page
42
page
43
page
44
page
45
page
46
page
47
page
48
page
49
Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript 
The Discovery of
the Cell
The cell theory states:
- All living things are made up of
cells.
- Cells are the basic units of
structure and function in living
things.
- New cells are produced from
existing cells.
Early Microscopes
cells
Early Microscopes
The Cell Theory
Microscopes
lenses
specimen
A
B
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes
Cell Organization
nucleus and the cytoplasm
cytoplasm
Cell Organization
organelles
The Nucleus
The Nucleus
nuclear
envelope
The Nucleus
nuclear pores
The Nucleus
proteins
RNA
The Nucleus
Chromosomes
chromatin
The Nucleus
The Nucleus
nucleolus
Organelles That Store, Clean
Up, and Support
What are the functions of vacuoles, lysosomes, and the
cytoskeleton?
Vacuoles store materials like water, salts, proteins, and
carbohydrates.
Lysosomes break down lipids, carbohydrates, and
proteins into small molecules that can be used by the
rest of the cell. They are also involved in breaking down
organelles that have outlived their usefulness.
The cytoskeleton helps the cell maintain its shape and is
also involved in movement.
Vacuoles and
Vesicles
In many plant cells, there is a
single, large central vacuole filled
with liquid. The pressure of the
central vacuole in these cells
increases their rigidity, making it
possible for plants to support
heavy structures such as leaves
and flowers.
Vacuoles and
Vesicles
Lysosomes
The Cytoskeleton
cytoskeleton.
Microfilaments
microtubules
Microfilaments
Microfilaments
Microtubules
Microtubules
Organelles That
Build Proteins
Proteins are assembled on ribosomes.
Proteins made on the rough endoplasmic reticulum include
those that will be released, or secreted, from the cell as well
as many membrane proteins and proteins destined for
lysosomes and other specialized locations within the cell.
The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins
and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for
storage in the cell or release outside the cell.
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum
rough endoplasmic
Endoplasmic Reticulum
smooth
endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Golgi apparatus
Golgi Apparatus
Organelles That Capture
and Release Energy
chloroplasts and mitochondria
Organelles That Capture
and Release Energy
Chloroplasts
photosynthesis
Mitochondria
Respiration
Chloroplasts
chlorophyll
Cellular Boundaries
The cell membrane
regulates what enters
and leaves the cell
and also protects and
supports the cell.
cell wall
Cell Walls
Cell Membranes
a “fluid
mosaic.”
Moving Cellular Matter
transport.
1) Passive Transport-
2) Active Transport-
3) Endocytosis & Exocytosis-
Diffusion
- Equilibrium
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion-
against its concentration
gradient.
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
bulk transport
Related documents