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This stuff is FAR! Sizes of things Earth diameter: 13,462 Km Mars diameter: 6,800 Km About ½ Earth Jupiter diameter: 142,984 10+ times the Earth 1,000+ Earths would fit inside Sun diameter: 1.4 million kilometers 109 times Earth, almost 10 times Jupiter 1,000,000 Earths would fit inside Distance to the Sun Earth is 149,597,871 Km from the Sun 92,955,807 miles This distance is 1 astronomical unit AU Astronomical Unit Mercury is .4 AU from the Sun Venus is 0.72 AU Mars is 1.52 AU Jupiter is 5.2 AU Saturn is 9.5 AU Uranus is 19.6 AU Neptune is 30 AU Kuiper Belt is 30 to 50 AU Oort Cloud is 50,000 to 100,000 AU! Edge of the solar system Heliosphere - The bubble in the interstellar medium of space caused by the Sun’s wind Beyond the solar system Beyond the solar system, the astronomical unit becomes too small Like measuring distance around USA in millimeters Need a bigger unit of measure – the Light Year (LY) Light Year – distance light can travel in one year Beyond the solar system Oort Cloud is about 2 LY in diameter Nearest star, Proxima Centauri, is 4.22 LY Center of Milky Way is 26,000 LY Milky way is 100,000 LY across Nearest Galaxy, Andromeda, is 2.5 million LY away Voyager 1 will take 18,000 years to go 1 LY How do we know this? Measurement to distant objects is done with trigonometry Parallax - difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along two different lines of sight Beyond the Light Year Parsec – uses parallax Parallax of 1 arcsecond 3.26 LY pc Beyond the Light Year Parsec is for really big distances Proxima Centauri = 1.29 parsecs Galaxy RXJ1242-11 = 200 million pc Edge of observable universe 14 billion pc This stuff is FAR!