Download The Sentence Extended

The Sentence
expresses
1.
2.
3.
4.
Must begin with a CAPITAL letter!
Must have a subject!
Must have a predicate!
Must complete an idea or complete
thought!
5. Must end in the correct punctuation!
The subject of a sentence
is who or what the
sentence is about.
The verb of a sentence
tells what the subject is or is
doing.
The boy ran.
Tyler told everyone
about the wreck.
Shekora painted.
Marquita sobbed.
The girls on the team
played well.
Shawn plays the piano.
1. Noun form:
1. Noun: person, place, thing, or idea
2. Gerund: We will cover later!!
3. Infinitives: Again, we will cover later!!
2. Generally at the beginning of a sentence.
1. Can be in the middle or end TOO!!!
3. Who or What the sentence is about.
EXCEPTIONS:
• Exceptions to the locations of the
subject and verb are:
– questions
– sentences with introductory phrases that
function as adverbs; sentence begins after
the comma.
– There are other exceptions, but these two
are the main ones that may give you
trouble?
The complete
subject is the main
word and all its
modifiers.
The simple subject
or the subject is the
main word in the
complete subject.
The four new students arrived early.
Complete subject
The four new
students
Simple subject
students
1.
2.
3.
4.
Must begin with a CAPITAL letter!
Must have a subject!
Must have a predicate!
Must complete an idea or complete
thought!
5. Must end in the correct punctuation!
Diagramming Sentences
• Diagramming sentences allows you to see each word
and its use in a sentence. Each part of speech is
identified by placement on a diagram, which will help
you see how it functions and its purpose in a sentence.
• Like a math equation, diagramming has a pattern to
follow. Each line in a diagram has a purpose whether
it is horizontal, vertical, or diagonal.
Why Diagram a Sentence?
• Shows relationship between words and how they
are used in a sentence.
• It becomes a picture instead of just a group of
words.
• Breaks down languages to help other language
learners.
• Helps to write clear sentences.
• Helps identify errors in word usage and
punctuation.
• Helps you learn parts of speech in small steps.
• Helps you visualize sentences as you write them.
STEP 1: Do I have a sentence?
• Make sure you have a sentence; if not,
make necessary corrections.
• Begins with a capital letter
• Contains a Subject
• Contains a Verb
• Correct end punctuation
• Conveys a thought or idea
STEP 2: The Subject
• On a diagram the subject is placed on
the horizontal line and left of the
vertical line.
– The vertical line separates the subject
from the verb.
Step 2: The Subject
• Diagram Structure:
• EXAMPLE: Sentence:
» Diagram:
Subject
Students learn.
Students
» Q. Who or what is the sentence
about?
» A. The sentence is about students.
Step 3: The Verb
• Ask what the subject is doing, has done,
or will do or what is being done to the
subject.
• This will be your verb.
• Remember the verb shows action or
state of being, and is the beginning of
the predicate.
• Place to the right of the vertical line.
Step 3: The Verb
• Diagram Structure:
• EXAMPLE 1:
• Diagram:
subject
Sentence:
Students
verb
Students learn.
learn
» Q. Students do what?
A. Students learn.
• EXAMPLE 2:
Sentence:
Mr. White teaches.
• Diagram:
Mr. White
teaches
STEP 4: The Direct Object
• The direct object receives the action of the verb.
– Will be a noun, pronoun, or a phrase functioning as a noun.
• Simply ask what of the verb.
– If you can’t answer what of the verb, a D.O. is not present.
• Direct Object will follow the verb.
– Unless an Indirect Object is present
• Direct Object will come after the Indirect Object
• On a diagram direct object follows the verb after the
vertical line that meets the horizontal line.
– Subject
verb
direct object
Step 4: Direct Object
• Diagram Structure:
subject
verb
direct object
• EXAMPLE 1:
– The sentence:
– The diagram:
Students learn writing.
Students
learn
writing
• EXAMPLE 2:
– The sentence: Mr. White teaches Creative Writing.
– The diagram:
Mr. White
teaches
Creative Writing
Step 5: The Indirect Object
• An indirect object tells to whom or for whom
something is done.
– The indirect object will be a noun.
• Ask to whom(what) or for whom(what) of the verb.
• The indirect object will be located between the
verb and direct object in the sentence.
• Other forms of diagramming place the indirect
object under the verb; however, we will place it
after a diagonal line after the direct object.
Step 5: The Indirect Object
• Diagram Structure:
– subject verb
direct object
indirect object
• EXAMPLE 1:
• Sentence: Mr. White teaches students Creative Writing.
• The diagram:
– Mr. White
teaches
Creative Writing
students
Step 6: Adverbs
• Adverbs modify or give description to verbs,
adjectives, and other adverbs.
• Adverbs answer the questions:
– “How?”, “When?”, and “Where?” of the
verb.
– It will answer the question “To what
extent?” of adjectives and other
adverbs.
• On a diagram place adverbs on a
diagonal line under the word they
modify or describe.
Step 6: Adjectives
• Adjectives modify or give description
to nouns or pronouns.
• It will answer the questions:
– what kind, how many, or which one.
• On a diagram adjectives are placed on
a diagonal line under the word, words,
or phrases they modify or describe.
Step 6: Adverbs & Adjectives
• Diagram Structure:
– subject verb
–
direct object indirect object
Step 7: Prepositional Phrases
• Describe words they follow.
• Diagram Structure:
– subject verb
direct object indirect object
Object of the Preposition