Download WH Lesson 71 Instructional Resource 1

Renaissance
Ideas and Achievements
Humanism

It was an intellectual movement of the Italian
Renaissance.

Humanism focused on worldly subjects rather than
on the religious issues.


It was based on study of classical culture.
Humanists believed that education should
stimulate the individual’s creative powers.

Grammar, rhetoric, poetry, and history (based on Greek
and Roman texts) – were part of the humanities.
Petrarch


Francesco Petrarch was an early
Renaissance humanist (from
Florence) – father of humanism.

He found and assembled a library of
Greek and Roman manuscripts.

His efforts made works of Cicero,
Homer, and Virgil known again in
Western Europe.
He wrote Sonnets to Laura, thus
influencing humanist scholarship.
Niccolo Machiavelli
►
He was a diplomat from
Florence who observed
Italy’s city-state rulers of
his day.
►
He produced guidelines for
the acquisition and
maintenance of power by
absolute rule.
►
Machiavelli expressed his
ideas about power in his
book The Prince.
The Prince

The Prince looked at real rulers, such as the
Medicis, in an age of ruthless power politics:

An early modern treatise (argument) on government.

Supported absolute power of the ruler.

Maintains that the end justifies the means.

Advises that one should do good if possible, but
do evil when necessary.
Ideas

The Renaissance produced new ideas that were
reflected in the arts, philosophy, and literature.

Patrons were wealthy from newly expanded trade.

They sponsored works which glorified city-states in
northern Italy.

Education became increasingly secular.
Art and Literature
► Medieval
art and
literature focused on
the Church and
salvation.
► Renaissance
art and
literature focused on
individuals and worldly
matters, along with
Christianity.
New Art
• Renaissance art reflected humanist concerns.
• The artists studied ancient Greek and Roman works and
revived many classical forms.
• Renaissance artists learned the rules of perspective
(realistic way).
– By making distant objects smaller than those close to the viewer,
artist could paint scenes that appeared three-dimensional.
Three Geniuses of Renaissance Art

Leonardo Da Vinci
 Artist
and scientist
 Mona Lisa, The Last Supper

Michelangelo
 Sculptor,
engineer, painter, architect, and poet.
 Pieta, Statue of David, ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.

Raphael
 He
blend Christian and classical styles.
 The School of Athens, St. George.
Medieval Art
Renaissance Art
Mona Lisa
by Leonardo Da Vinci
The Last Supper
by Leonardo Da Vinci
Da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man
Da Vinci
Lady with an Ermine
Head of Leda
Leonardo da Vinci’s
Ginevra de Benci
Michelangelo
David
Pieta
Sistine Chapel
Michelangelo
The Last Judgment
Creation of Adam
Raphael
School of Athens
Raphael
Transfiguration
Madonna Della Sedia
Raphael
The Cowper Madonna
Sistine Madonna - Two Angels
Raphael
Johanna Aragonien
St. George Fighting the Dragon
► Classical
knowledge of the ancient Greeks
and Romans fostered humanism in the
Italian Renaissance.