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Data and Applications Security Developments and Directions Dr. Bhavani Thuraisingham The University of Texas at Dallas Secure Knowledge Management: and Web Security November 5, 2010 Outline of the Unit Background on Knowledge Management Secure Knowledge Management Confidentiality, Privacy and Trust Integrated System Secure Knowledge Management Technologies Web Security Digital Libraries Directions References Proceedings Secure Knowledge Management Workshop - Secure Knowledge Management Workshop, Buffalo, NY, September 2004 - http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/caeiae/skm2004/ Secure Knowledge Management - Bertino, Khan, Sandhu and Thuraisingham - IEEE Transactions on Systems man and Cybernetics - This lecture is based on the above paper What is Knowledge Management Knowledge management, or KM, is the process through which organizations generate value from their intellectual property and knowledge-based assets KM involves the creation, dissemination, and utilization of knowledge Reference: http://www.commerce-database.com/knowledge- management.htm?source=google Knowledge Management Components Knowledge Components of Management: Components, Cycle and Technologies Components: Strategies Processes Metrics Cycle: Knowledge, Creation Sharing, Measurement And Improvement Technologies: Expert systems Collaboration Training Web Organizational Learning Process Diffusion Tacit, Explicit Identification Creation Source: Reinhardt and Pawlowsky Metrics Action Integration Modification Aspects of Secure Knowledge Management (SKM) Protecting the intellectual property of an organization Access control including role-based access control Security for process/activity management and workflow - Users must have certain credentials to carry out an activity Composing multiple security policies across organizations Security for knowledge management strategies and processes Risk management and economic tradeoffs Digital rights management and trust negotiation SKM: Strategies, Processes, Metrics, Techniques Security Strategies: - Policies and procedures for sharing data - Protecting intellectual property - Should be tightly integrated with business strategy Security processes - Secure workflow - Processes for contracting, purchasing, order management, etc. Metrics - What is impact of security on number of documents published and other metrics gathered Techniques Access control, Trust management - SKM: Strategies, Processes, Metrics, Techniques Aspects of Secure Knowledge Components Managementof Security Strategies: Policies, Plans, and Procedures Security Processes: Processes for Workflow, Order Management, Contracting, - - - Technologies: Privacy Preserving Data Mining, Secure Semantic Web Security Metrics: Security Techniques: Security impact on Metrics gathered for data sharing Access Control, Trust Management, ---- Security Impact on Organizational Learning Process Diffusion Tacit, Explicit Identification Creation What are the restrictions On knowledge sharing By incorporating security Metrics Action Integration Modification Security Policy Issues for Knowledge Management Defining Policies during Knowledge Creation Representing policies during knowledge management Enforcing policies during knowledge manipulation and dissemination Secure Knowledge Management Architecture Define Security Policies Knowledge Creation and Acquisition Manager Enforce Security Policies for dissemination Knowledge Dissemination and Transfer Manager Represent Security Policies Knowledge Representation Manager Enforce Security Policies for access Knowledge Manipulation And Sustainment Manager SKM for Coalitions Organizations for federations and coalitions work together to solve a problem - Universities, Commercial corporation, Government agencies Challenges is to share data/information and at the same time ensure security and autonomy for the individual organizations How can knowledge be shared across coalitions? SKM Coalition Architecture Knowledge for Coalition Export Knowledge Export Knowledge Export Knowledge Component Knowledge for Agency A Component Knowledge for Agency C Component Knowledge for Agency B SKM Technologies Data Mining - Mining the information and determine resources without violating security Secure Semantic Web Secure knowledge sharing Secure Annotation Management - Managing annotations about expertise and resources Secure content management Markup technologies and related aspects for managing content Secure multimedia information management - - Directions for SKM We have identified high level aspects of SKM - Strategies, Processes. Metrics, techniques, Technologies, Architecture Need to investigate security issues RBAC, UCON, Trust etc. CS departments should collaborate with business schools on KM and SKM - Web Security End-to-end security - Need to secure the clients, servers, networks, operating systems, transactions, data, and programming languages - The various systems when put together have to be secure Composable properties for security Access control rules, enforce security policies, auditing, intrusion detection Verification and validation Security solutions proposed by W3C and OMG Java Security Firewalls Digital signatures and Message Digests, Cryptography Attacks to Web Security Security Threats and Violations Access Control Violations Denial of Service/ Infrastructure Attacks Integrity Violations Fraud Sabotage Confidentiality Authentication Nonrepudiation Violations Secure Web Components Secure Web Components Secure Clients Secure Servers Secure Databases Secure Middleware Secure Protocols Secure Networks E-Commerce Transactions E-commerce functions are carried out as transactions - Banking and trading on the internet - Each data transaction could contain many tasks Database transactions may be built on top of the data transaction service - Database transactions are needed for multiuser access to web databases - Need to enforce concurrency control and recovery techniques Types of Transaction Systems Stored Account Payment - e.g., Credit and debit card transactions - Electronic payment systems - Examples: First Virtual, CyberCash, Secure Electronic Transaction Stored Value Payment - Uses bearer certificates - Modeled after hard cash Goal is to replace hard cash with e-cash - Examples: E-cash, Cybercoin, Smart cards Building Database Transactions Database Transaction Protocol Payments Protocol HTTP Protocol Socket Protocol TCP/IP Protocol Secure Digital Libraries Digital libraries are e-libraries - Several communities have developed digital libraries Medical, Social, Library of Congress Components technologies - Web data management, Multimedia, information retrieval, indexing, browsing, -- - Security has to be incorporated into all aspects - Secure models for digital libraries, secure functions Secure Digital Libraries Secure Search Engine Secure Data Manager ••• Secure Knowledge Manager Datasets Secure Communication Network Participating Policy Manager Site N Datasets Documents Tools Secure Web Databases Database access through the web - JDBC and related technologies Query, indexing and transaction management - E.g., New transaction models for E-commerce applications - Index strategies for unstructured data Query languages and data models - XML has become the standard document interchange language Managing XML databases on the web - XML-QL, Extensions to XML, Query and Indexing strategies Integrating heterogeneous data sources on the web - Information integration and ontologies are key aspects Mining the data on the web - Web content, usage, structure and content mining Directions for Web Security End-to-end security - Secure networks, clients, servers, middleware - Secure Web databases, agents, information retrieval systems, browsers, search engines, - - As technologies evolve, more security problems - Data mining, intrusion detection, encryption are some of the technologies for security Next steps Secure semantic web, Secure knowledge management - Building trusted applications from untrusted components -