Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Market data, Collection and recycling data PROSUM Project C. CHANSON PPT 12 6th WRBRF, March 23-24th 2015, Berlin 1 Data availability and comparison Global trend and values for Li-ion batteries POM coherent • Quantity of batteries placed POM as declared by the national Collection and Recycling Organizations (CRO): based on the declaration of the German and French CRO’s, completed with less detailed data from UK, Spain and Italy. It represents more than 66% by weight of the batteries placed on the market in Europe. • Quantity calculated with the data from Avicenne: worldwide data with a 22% contribution attributed to the EU Market. They are based on an average of 175Wh/kg for Lithium-on batteries, 70Wh/kg for Ni-MH and 45 Wh/kg for Ni-Cd 2 Market growth: portable battery Placed on the Market Global market growth, but - portable Ni-Cd is continuously decreasing (mainly due to the substitution on Ni-Cd by Li-ion for the power tools application), - Li-ion battery technology market is growing fast. - Ni-MH is also growing. 3 Collection progress Globally, the weight of portable batteries collected is increasing on a yearly basis. The trends observed are quite different when compared to the POM: particularly for Ni-Cd, where the collection is increasing while the POM is decreasing since years: it is a demonstration of the impact of the long service life and the long hoarding time 4 Collection rate The collection rate are calculated according the methodology proposed by the Battery Directive 2066/66 EC. It compares the quantity of waste batteries collected in a given year with the last 3 years average amount of batteries placed on the market, for the 3 technologies. It is a waste to sales comparison. • Same users • Same collection streams • But large differences by technology 5 Collection rate: comparison to other flows Portable Primary and Ni-MH similar format (mainly single cells), but better collection observed for primary= hoarding effect? Li-ion are mainly packs in application: hoarding effect + WEEE mixed flow. Portable Primary batteries Portable Secondary batteries 6 ProSUM: Prospecting Secondary raw materials in the Urban mine and Mining waste The ProSUM project will establish a European network of expertise on secondary sources of critical raw materials (CRMs), vital to today’s high-tech society. ProSUM directly supports the European Innovation Partnership (EIP) on Raw Materials and its Strategic Implementation Plan calling for the creation of a European raw materials knowledge base. “prosum” is Latin for “I am useful” 7 Funded European project PROSUM project > > > > Submitted on April 8, 2014. Approved on Sept 30, 2014 Started Jan 1, 2015. Duration = 36 months PROSUM Global organisation 9 ProSUM Prospecting Secondary Raw Materials in the Urban Mine and Mining Tailings PROSUM Organization WP1 Project management (WF) WP2 Product Characterisation (Empa) WP3 Stocks and flows Characterisation (UNU) WP4 Waste Characterisation (TUB) Components Products Fractions CRM POM CRM Stocks CRM in Waste WP5 Knowledge Base (BRGM) WP6 Exploitation (WF) EU Information Network ProSUM Outputs Coordinate Launch EU Information Network. End User Requirement Specification. Review and Harmonisation of Data. Quality and Update Protocols. Collect Validated methodologies for determining CRM content. Review of available data and information. Product Stocks and Flows Data. Waste Flow Data. Characterisation of Products and Wastes. Framework for analysis and data handling. Construct Stocks and Flows Model. Requirements for Additional Statistics and Standards. Urban Mine Data Models. EU-Urban Mine Knowledge Data Platform. Communicate EU-UMKDP – inventory and multi-user portal, updates and reports. Manage EU Information Network and SIGs. Recommendations for improvement, standardisation and management of data. 11 ProSUM Partners Partner Role WEEE Forum Coordinator, WP 6 Leader Dissemination and Exploitation Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres (BRGM) WP 5 Leader Knowledge Base and EU-UMKDP Central Bureau Voor De Statistiek (CBS) Statistics and data harmonisation Ceska Geologicka Suzba (CGS) EU-UMKDP metadata catalogues Chalmers Tekniska Hoegskola CRM content and flows in ELVs C-Tech Innovation Ltd End user requirements EuroGeoSurveys (EGS) Scientific Coordinator – Mineral Resources Empa WP2 Leader Urban Mine Characterisation Eucobat Batteries stocks and flows Geoloski Zavod Slovenije (GeoZS) EU-UMKDP information systems Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland EU-UMKDP data exchange formats for mineral resources Recharge Batteries content, technologies and flows Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) Mineral resources and raw material supply Technische Universitat Berlin (TUB) WP4 Leader Waste Characterisation Technische Universiteit Delft (TUD) CRM parameters in products and components United Nations University (UNU) Scientific Coordinator, WP3 Leader Stocks and Flows Characterisation WRAP Complementary/unreported waste flows 12 First tasks in Prosum How to identify and categorize the CRM content on batteries placed on the Market Database structure and content Identification of available data Batteries classification and identification issue Categorization/ Classification Aiming at an organization for a specific purpose, based on a methodology approach • Based on market and/or size • Battery directive • Application (UNUcode) • Based on Chemistry ( not coherent with the other type • • • • • Chemical type (IEC) UN transport List of Waste Regulation ProdCOM codes other standards (SAE, UL, …) Batteries classification and identification issue Identification: Aiming at identifying the product, or the product category • BD directive marking • Hazardous waste identification • Un marking • IEC marking • Others standards (SAE,..) marking manufacturer label • • • • • • • • • • Product name Place of production Date of production Manufacturing code Brand Format Capacity Voltage Energy Others… Batteries classification and identification issue Characterisation: Complementary information characterising the product in addition to the marking indications. • Application • Size • Format • Weight • Voltage Compatibility with CRM content? Recharge proposal of classification based on chemical categorization Categorization BD BD sub cat Portables batteries primary primary primary rechargeable rechargeable rechargeable rechargeable rechargeable rechargeable rechargeable rechargeable primary primary primary primary primary rechargeable rechargeable rechargeable rechargeable rechargeable UN transport LoW 16 06 05 16 06 04 16 06 05 UN 3496 16 06 04 16 06 01* Prod Com UNU appl code 27.20.11.00 single cells 27.20.11.00 27.20.11.00 27.20.23.00 27.20.22.00 UN 3496 UN 2794 16 06 04 16 06 02* 16 06 05 16 06 01* 16 06 01* 27.20.23.00 Portable PC 27.20.23.00 UNU 303 27.20.23.00 27.20.22.00 27.20.22.00 UN 3090 UN 3090 UN 3090 UN 3090 UN 3090 UN 3480 UN 3480 UN 3480 UN 3480 16 06 05 16 06 05 16 06 05 16 06 05 16 06 05 16 06 05 16 06 05 16 06 05 16 06 05 27.20.11.00 27.20.11.00 27.20.11.00 27.20.11.00 27.20.11.00 27.20.23.00 27.20.23.00 27.20.23.00 27.20.23.00 27.20.23.00 Automotiverechargeable batteries UN 2794 Industrial batteries Lead acid Ni-Cd UN 2795 Chem cat Zn Carbon Zn Alkaline Zn others Ni-MH Pb sealed others Ni-MH Ni-Cd Ni other Pb sealed Pb vented Others Li SO2 Li SOCl2 Li MnO2 Li CFx Li met others Li CoO2 Li NMC Li PO4 Li Mn L-ion others Tablets UNU 303 cell phones UNU306 cameras/games UNU402 cordless tools UNU601 others portable 16 06 01* 27.20.21.00 SLI Pb automotive others 16 06 01* 27.20.21.00 UPS lead acid 16 06 02* 27.20.23.00 Ni-Cd Batteries CRM content assessment Identification of what is Placed On the Market Placed on the market Batteries categories Markets Chemistry per market Weight per market CRM content per market (POM) Nb of equipment Nb of batteries, total Wh tons of batteries per chemistry weight of CRM per POM per chemistry Nb Batteries/equipe ment Eurostat, EPBA study Avicenne study, other market studies Units/market Recharge study Avicenne, manufacturers data Weight per battery per application Chemistry composition Recharge study, manufacturers data calculation Recharge information, manufacturers information Units/market/chemistry tons/market/chemistry calculation kg /CRM/market Batteries CRM content assessment Coherence check with what is collected Usage/hoarding End of live CRM content on the market (use) measured Flows weight of CRM in the UM per chemistry tons of batteries Usage + hoarding time per market per chemistry Bebat, Eucobat studies Chemistry measured flows per assessment per chemistry flow chemistries ratios per flow calculation, sampling studies?? Euostat, Eucobat, recharge data Eucobat kg /CRM/market tons/flow tons/flow Calculated CRM mapping Flows of EOL Flows (POM+Use+ products Consolidation EOL) tons of batteries/flow tons of batteries per /chemistry chemistry per flow Weight of CRM per chemistry per flow chemistry composition calculation based on POM and Eucobat, usage/hoardin sampling studies. g calculation tons/chemistr tons/flow y/flow calculation, sampling studies? Conclusion ProSUM project is on track! The first tasks: > A good exercise in clarifying what are the data sources and their content. > A global approach to define a public database requirements (data granularity, classification,…). The need of complementary information is already identified: industrial batteries are not well characterized.