Download BIOL 2305/2101 Human Physiology CH 16-Digestive System- Digestion DIGESTION

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BIOL 2305/2101 Human Physiology
DIGESTION
CH 16-Digestive System- Digestion
Sherwood: page 626. Table 16-7
MOUTH
nutrient: ONLY carbohydrate digestion → initiation of carbohydrate digestion
enzyme:
salivary amylase
glands:
salivary glands
enzymatic reaction:
hydrolysis:
polysaccharides → disaccharides
STOMACH - ANTRUM
nutrient: ONLY protein digestion →
initiation of protein digestion
enzyme:
pepsin
glands:
chief or zymogenic cells of stomach
enzymatic reaction:
hydrolysis:
protein → peptides
Aniko Szabo Hill MD, PhD
1 of 5
BIOL 2305/2101 Human Physiology
SMALL INTESTINE
CH 16-Digestive System- Digestion
carbohydrate digestion
nutrient: carbohydrate
1st enzyme:
glands:
pancreatic amylase
pancreas
location of digestion: small intestinal lumen
enzymatic reaction: hydrolysis:
polysaccharides → disaccharides
2nd enzyme:
glands:
small intestine brush border enzymes:
maltase, sucrase, lactase
small intestine columnar epithelial cells
location of digestion: small intestinal brush border
enzymatic reaction: FINAL hydrolysis:
disaccharides → monosaccharides
Aniko Szabo Hill MD, PhD
2 of 5
BIOL 2305/2101 Human Physiology
CH 16-Digestive System- Digestion
SMALL INTESTINE protein digestion
nutrient: protein
1st enzyme:
trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase
glands:pancreas
location of digestion: small intestinal lumen
enzymatic reaction: hydrolysis:
peptides → amino acids + smaller peptides
2nd enzyme:
aminopeptidases
glands:small intestine columnar epithelium
location of digestion: small intestinal brush border
enzymatic reaction: FINAL hydrolysis:
peptides → amino acids
Aniko Szabo Hill MD, PhD
3 of 5
BIOL 2305/2101 Human Physiology
CH 16-Digestive System- Digestion
SMALL INTESTINE lipid digestion
nutrient: lipid
enzyme:
lipase
glands:pancreas
location of digestion: small intestinal lumen
enzymatic reaction: hydrolysis:
triglycerides → fatty acids + monoglycerides
bile salts: they are not enzymes→ they are not proteins
they are steroid like molecules made from cholesterol
glands:liver
location of action: small intestinal lumen
function:emulsifying fat globules for preparation for digestion by pancreatic
lipase
LARGE INTESTINE
No enzymes → No digestion
Aniko Szabo Hill MD, PhD
4 of 5
BIOL 2305/2101 Human Physiology
CH 16-Digestive System- Digestion
SUMMARY of DIGESTIONS
CARBS & PROTEINS:
1st step: Initiating of digestion: mouth (carbs)
stomach (protein)
2nd step: Next steps of digestion: small intestinal lumen (carbs, protein)
3rd step: Final digestion of nutrients: brush border of small intestines (carbs, protein)
LIPIDS
Entire digestion of lipids: small intestinal lumen
Aniko Szabo Hill MD, PhD
5 of 5
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