Download Chapter 21 Digestive..

Digestive System
Parts of the Digestive System
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Mouth
Pharynx and Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
– Pancreas and Liver
• Large Intestine
Mouth
• Where food enters the body and mechanical
digestion takes place
• Saliva soften and moistens the food and also
begins chemical digestion (amylase enzyme).
Pharynx and Esophagus
• Pharynx is a passageway for both air and food.
• Esophagus is a long, muscular tube that
connects the mouth to the stomach
Stomach
• It begins the breakdown of proteins in food
• Mechanical and chemical digestion take place
here
• Hydrochloric acid is released into the stomach to
help kill bacteria and break up food.
Small Intestine
• Nutrients from the food is absorbed in the
small intestines.
• Pancreas
– It releases digestive juices in the small intestines
that helps with the breakdown of starch, proteins,
and fats.
• Liver
– It produces bile that is stored in the gallbladder
which is released in the small intestines to help
break up large droplets of fats.
Large Intestine
• Water and minerals are absorbed into the
blood.
• Waste or feces is stored in the rectum and
expelled through the anus
Digestive problems
• Indigestion
– Pain or discomfort that occur after eating
• Ulcers
– When stomach acid eats away at the lining of the
stomach
• Diarrhea
– This occurs when the large intestines fails to absorb
the water from the waste.
• Constipation
– This occurs when waste moves slowly and most of the
water becomes absorbed making waste difficult to be
expelled