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Abdomen & Gastrointestinal System RTEC 91 Pathology • Trachea anterior to esophagus Normal KUB Contrast Agents Normal Stomach which position? Normal Esophagus which position? Congenital Disorders • Increased incidences with Down Syndrome • 30% with esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula are born prematurely “double bubble sign” indicates duodenal atresia Cecum atresia Hirschsprung’s Disease Mega colon Bowel Obstruction? Pyloric Stenosis “String Sign” Schatzki’s ring Schatzki’s ring Achalasia Esophageal Strictures • Most common etiology; peptic stricture • Gastric contents/ acid contents reflux into the esophagus causing inflammation, scarring and stricture formation. Peptic Ulcer • Lower esophagus • Stomach • Duodenum Esophageal Varices Esophageal Varices Normal gastric pattern Malabsorption Syndrome • Group of diseases that interfere with normal digestion and absorption of food through the small intestine – Celiac disease – Regional Enteritis (Crohn’s Disease) – Ulcerative colitis Celiac disease or Sprue Regional Enteritis Crohn’s Disease Crohn’s Disease ulcerative colitis ulcerative colitis ulcerative colitis vs Crohn’s? What is the most common abdominal emergency surgery in the U.S? Appendicitis Degenerative Diseases Gastrointestinal System anterior abdominal hernia Inguinal Hernia Inguinal Hernia Haital Hernia Intrathoracic stomach malrotation Bowel Obstructions • Normally the small & large bowels are nearly always active in peristalsis. • Various types of conditions can interfere with this action and cause obstruction. • Mechanical vs Paralytic ileus Bowel Obstruction “Step Ladder Sign” Cantor tube Mechanical bowel obstruction Gallstone Ileus Volvulus intussusception paralytic ileus “step ladder sign” Diverticular Diseases • Diverticulum – pouch or sac of the mucous membrane. • Esophagus, Colon , Bladder Esophageal Diverticula Zenker’s Diverticulum Meckel’s Diverticulum Diverticulosis Diverticulitis Neoplastic Diseases • Benign or Malignant • Esophagus, Stomach, Small-Bowel, Colon • Endoscope, Colonoscopy, Sygmoidoscopy is best to diagnose Leiomyoma Malignant vs Benign Tumors Gastric neoplasm w/ perforation Small bowel tumor Colonic Polyps Sigmoid colon CA Colon mass Cecum mass Colon CA – “apple core sign” What else do you see? Free air Calcified fibroid Calcified aorta Pending delivery Questions?
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