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Review of Digestive & Excretory Systems Answer the questions and complete the missing information! DO NOT look at the answers until you have answered the questions, or you will have trouble on the test! Review of Chemical Digestion Enzyme What it does What makes it Starch maltose Where it works Mouth Stomach Fats glycerol + 3 fatty acids Pancreatic Amylase Proteins peptides Maltose Glucose Peptidase Small Intestine Small Intestine Review of Chemical Digestion – ANSWERS! Enzyme What it does What makes it Where it works Salivary Amylase Starch maltose Salivary glands Mouth Pepsin Proteins peptides Stomach Stomach Lipase Fats glycerol + 3 fatty acids Pancreas Small Intestine Pancreatic Amylase Starch maltose Pancreas Small Intestine Trypsin Proteins peptides Pancreas Small Intestine Maltase Maltose Glucose Small Intestine Small Intestine Peptidase Peptides Amino Acids Small Intestine Small Intestine How Carbohydrates are broken down... Fill in the blanks! Type of Food How it is broken Carbohydrate (Starch) Teeth break it into smaller pieces Where it is broken Mouth Muscles break it into smaller pieces Small Intestine Maltase breaks it into Glucose How Carbohydrates are broken down... Answers! Type of Food How it is broken Where it is broken Carbohydrate (Starch) Teeth break it into smaller pieces Mouth Salivary Amylase breaks it into maltose Mouth Muscles break it into smaller pieces Stomach Pancreatic Amylase breaks it into maltose Small Intestine Maltase breaks maltose it into glucose Small Intestine Types of Mechanical digestion are in RED Enzymes are in bold Types of Chemical digestion are in BLACK How Proteins are broken down... Fill in the blanks! Type of Food How it is broken Protein Where it is broken Mouth Muscles break it into smaller pieces Stomach Small Intestine Peptidase breaks peptides into amino acids How Proteins are broken down... Answers! Type of Food How it is broken Where it is broken Protein Teeth break it into smaller pieces Mouth Muscles break it into smaller pieces Stomach Pepsin breaks proteins into Stomach peptides (chains of amino acids) Trypsin breaks proteins into peptides (chains of amino acids) Small Intestine Peptidase breaks peptides into amino acids Small Intestine How Lipids are broken down... Fill in the blanks! Type of Food How it is broken Fat (Lipids) Teeth break it into smaller pieces Where it is broken Stomach Small Intestine Small Intestine How Lipids are broken down... Answers! Type of Food How it is broken Where it is broken Fat (Lipids) Teeth break it into smaller pieces Mouth Muscles break it into smaller pieces Stomach Bile breaks fat into smaller drops Small Intestine Lipase breaks fats into a glycerol and 3 fatty acids Small Intestine Hey Doc… what’s the cause? • • • • • • Heartburn Esophageal ulcer Stomach ulcer Duodenal ulcer Gallstones Diabetes mellitus – Type 1 – Type 2 How to control your blood sugar... If Glucose is HIGH If Glucose is LOW • Insulin will go... • Glucagon will go... • Insulin will go... • Glucagon will go... • Situations when this could happen: • Situations when this could happen: How to control your blood sugar... Answers! If Glucose is HIGH If Glucose is LOW • Insulin will go... UP • Glucagon will go... DOWN • Insulin will go... DOWN • Glucagon will go... UP • Situations when this could happen: – Just after eating a meal (Any time when you are GETTING glucose from food) • Situations when this could happen: – When you have not eaten for a while – During exercise (Any time when you are USING glucose for energy) Name the parts! What happens in each part? Hey Doc… what’s happening? • Diuretic or not? • Amount of ADH released? • Amount of water lost in urine?
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