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Lecture 3c- 27 Sept. 2010 CARBOHYDRATES III Overview of lecture 3c CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT OF FOODS IMPACT OF DIET ON HEALTH AND DISEASE FUNCTIONAL FOODS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND DISEASE NUTRACEUTICALS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND DISEASE NEXT LECTURE-FIBRE -CARBOHYDRATES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE -WHATS NEW IN CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH INTRODUCTION •DIFFERENT “REGULAR” FOODS HAVE DIFFERING LEVELS OF A VARIETY OF CARBOHYDRATES-CAN AFFECT BODILY FUNCTION • FUNCTIONAL FOODS CAN MANAGE CARBOHYDRATES IN THE BODY AND CAN AFFECT BODILY FUNCTION • NUTRACEUTICALS CAN MANAGE CARBOHYDRATES AND AFFECT BODILY FUNCTION FOODS GLYCEMIC INDEX GRAINS (INCLUDES BREADS AND PASTAS) BREADS -WHEAT HIGHER THAN RYE PASTAS - LOWER THAN BREADS RICE AND PASTA ABOUT THE SAME AS EACH OTHER FOODS CONTINUED GLYCEMIC INDEX CONTINUED VEGETABLES AND FRUITS ON AVERAGE GLYCEMIC INDEX POTATO > YAM LEGUMES > ROOT VEGGIES FRUITS ~ LEGUMES FOODS CONTINUED GLYCEMIC INDEX CONTINUED MILK PRODUCTS ~ FRUITS ON AVERAGE WHY? LACTOSE=FRUCTOSE IN GLYCEMIC INDEX FOODS CONTINUED GLYCEMIC INDEX CONTINUED MEATS - VERY LOW GLYCEMIC INDEX - BUT DO NOT GORGE FUNCTIONAL FOODS FOODS OR DESIGNER FOODS WHICH WHEN EATEN BY HUMANS (YES ANIMALS TOO) CAN PROVIDE A THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OR BENEFIT BEYOND THAT CONFERRED BY THE NUTRIENTS THE FOOD CONTAINS FUNCTIONAL FOOD EXAMPLES FISH FLAX CANOLA CHICORY SEED-CONTAINS AN OLIGOSACCHARIDE FISH INCREASE INSULIN SENSITIVITY? w3 fatty acids CANOLA OMEGA 3 FATTY ACIDS MAY INCREASE INSULIN SENSITIVITY FLAX OMEGA 3 FATTY ACIDS MAY INCREASE INSULIN SENSITIVITY CHICORY SEED EXAMPLE OF A RESISTANT CARBOHYDRATE AFFECT COLONIC pH AND STOOL BULKING NUTRACEUTICALS MOLECULE OR MOLECULES ISOLATED USUALLY FROM A PLANT BUT CAN BE FROM AN ANIMAL CAN BE USED IN ANIMALS TOO NUTRACEUTICALS CONTINUED MOLECULE OR MOLECULES THAT HAVE PHARMACOLOGICAL VALUE AND ARE MADE FIT FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION … NUTRACEUTICALS CONTINUED … AND GIVEN TO HUMANS IN THE FORM OF A GELATIN CAPSULE OR TABLET NUTRACEUTICAL EXAMPLES FISH OIL, FLAX LIGNAN COMPLEX, FLAX OIL CANOLA OIL EVENING PRIMROSE OIL HEMP OIL CHONDROITIN SULPHATE GLUCOSAMINE FISH OIL OMEGA 3 FATTY ACIDS - INSULIN SENSITIVITY INCREASE? FLAX LIGNAN COMPLEX SDG MOLECULE METABOLITES - DECREASE BLOOD PLASMA GLUCOSE CONCENTRATIONS PERHAPS VIA INSULIN SENSITIVITY INCREASE? FLAX OIL OMEGA 3 FATTY ACIDS INSULIN SENSITIVITY? CANOLA OMEGA 3 FATTY ACIDS INSULIN SENSITIVITY? EVENING PRIMROSE OIL OMEGA 6 FATTY ACIDS REDUCE GLUCOSE IMPACT ON NERVES IN DIABETES NERVE TRANSMISSION SPEED HEMP OIL MIX OF OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 6 FATTY ACIDS SPECULATION: EFFECTS AS ABOVE WITH OMEGA 3 AND OMEGA 6 FATTY ACIDS CHONDROITIN SULPHATE POLYSACCHARIDE-FOUND IN JOINTS-CARTILAGE -REDUCED IN ARTHRITIS GLUCOSAMINE -POLYSACCHARIDE LINKED TO NITROGEN GROUP -FOUND IN CARTILAGE IN JOINTS -REDUCED IN ARTHRITIS
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