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International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology E-ISSN 0976-3945 Review Article INTERNET CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN MOBILE ADHOC NETWORK USING MOBILE IP Prof.Mrs. Sayali N.Mane 1, Prof.Mr.A.R.Nigvekar 2 Address for Correspondence Department of Electronics and Telecommunication 1 D.Y.Patil College of Engg.Akurdi, Pune University, Maharashtra, India. 2 KIT, College of Engg., Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India. ABSTRACT Mobile ad hoc networking allows nodes to form temporary networks and communicate beyond transmitter range by supporting multihop communication through IP routing. Routing in such networks is often reactive, i.e., performed on-demand, as opposed to Internet routing that is proactive. As ad hoc networks are formed on a temporary basis, any IP address should be allowed to appear in an ad hoc network. MlPMANET, a solution for connecting an ad hoc network, in which on-demand routing is used, to the Internet.MIPMANET, provides Internet access by using Mobile IP with foreign agent care-of addresses and reverse tunneling. This allows nodes to enjoy the mobility services of Mobile IP while at the same time the requirements on the ad hoc routing protocol are kept to a minimum. Simulations of MIPMANET have been performed in Network Simulator 2. The Ad hoc Ondemand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol has been used for routing within the ad hoc network. These simulations show that the ability to choose the closest access point to the Internet is worth extra work, as less traffic is generated in the network resulting in lower delays and fewer dropped packets. This paper again tries to calculate nodal energy when packets are travel from source to destination under different conditions. KEYWORDS MIPMANET, Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Internet Access, Mobile IP, AODV I. INTRODUCTION Mobile IP for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MIPMANET has been analyzed by means of simulations using Network Simulator 2. In the simulations the Ad hoc On demand Distance Vector (AODV [2], [5]) routing protocol has been used within the ad hoc network. Mobile IP Mobile IP solves the following two problems: • If a node moves from one link to another without changing its IP address, it will be unable to receive packets at the new link; and • If a node changes its IP address when it moves, it will have to terminate and restart any ongoing communications each time it moves. Mobile IP allows mobile nodes that enter a foreign network to register with a foreign agent and obtain a care-of address (COA). This COA allows the mobile node to send and receive data packets from the networks other than its home network [6]. Mobile IP defines the following functional entities: Home Network (HN): The network the mobile node belongs to. Home Agent (HA): A router on a mobile node’s home network that maintains location information for the mobile node and forwards packets to the node while the node is away from its home network. Foreign Network (FN): Any network other than the home network of mobile node. Foreign Agent (FA): A router on the mobile node’s visited (foreign) network. The foreign agent cooperates with the mobile node’s home agent to deliver packets to the mobile node. Care-of Address (COA): A temporary address IJAET/Vol.III/ Issue I/January-March, 2012/39-41 assigned to the mobile node that reflects its current network, and used to deliver packets destined to it. Mobile IP allows mobile nodes that enter a foreign network to register with a foreign agent and obtain a care-of address (COA). This COA allows the mobile node to send and receive data packets from the networks other than its home network MIPMANET MIPMANET is designed to provide nodes in ad hoc networks with access to the Internet and the mobility services of Mobile IP. The solution uses Mobile IP foreign agents as access points to the Internet in order to keep track of in which ad hoc network a node is located and to direct packets to the border of that ad hoc network. In short, MIPMANET works as follows: I) Nodes in an ad hoc network that want Internet access use their home address for all communication and register with a foreign agent. 2) To send a packet to a host on the Internet: Tunnel the packet to the foreign agent with whom you are registered. 3) To receive packets from hosts on the Internet: The packets are routed to the foreign agent by ordinary Mobile IP mechanisms. The foreign agent will then deliver the packets to the node in the ad hoc network. 4) Nodes that do not require Internet access will see the ad hoc network as a stand-alone network, i.e., they will not need any know ledge about routes to destinations outside of the ad hoc network. The layering of Mobile IP and ad hoc routing functionality is illustrated in Fig. 1. By the use of tunneling, the ad hoc network becomes transparent to Mobile IP. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology A layered approach with tunneling is used for the outward data flow to separate the Mobile IP functionality from the ad hoc routing protocol. All this makes it possible for MIPMANET to provide Internet access with the ability for nodes to select and perform seamless switching between multiple access points. 2. SIMULATIONS Since MIPMANET's only modifications to Mobile IP concerns the communication between the foreign agents and visiting nodes, focused on the wireless part of the scenario. Communication in the simulations is carried out between wireless visiting nodes and wired correspondent nodes. It is duplex; both the visiting nodes and their correspondent nodes are constant bit rate (CBR) sources. The mobility in the simulations is about 1.5 m/s; the nodes themselves move at random absolute speeds below 8 m/s. The simulation study has evaluated what is the energy level of one node in the network while it come under different scenarios and what is energy level of 10 different nodes for the same scenario. For getting these points all trace files are observe. And the energy level chart of node/s with different scenarios shown above; Fig.1.Conceptual view of MIPMANET Node Energy 0.8 N o d e E n erg y 0.7 0.6 0.5 Node Energy 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Different Scenario Fig2: One node with seven scenes 1 0.9 N o d e E n erg y 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 Node Energy 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Different Nodes Fig3: One scene with ten nodes IJAET/Vol.III/ Issue I/January-March, 2012/39-41 E-ISSN 0976-3945 9 International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology Mobile IP Overhead(packets) 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 Broadcast 4000 Unicast 3000 2000 1000 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Number of MIPMANET nodes Fig4: Mobile IP Overhead 3. CONCLUSION This paper has presented a solution of how to interconnect an ad hoc network with the Internet called MIPMANET. Ad hoc networking enables IP mobility within a network whereas Mobile IP enables IP mobility between networks. By combining these two, MIPMANET allows mobile nodes to enjoy extended IP mobility. The simulation study has evaluated what is the energy level of one node in the network while it come under different scenarios and what is energy level of 10 different nodes for the same scenario. For getting these points all trace files are observe. Node energy at ten node setup will be more peaks are visible it seems that more drop in packet. Other hand we worked with 10 node configuration seems system little bit stable. This paper leads to give new exposure for mobile based system using MIPMANET to ensure the secure communication between the network entities. REFERENCES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. "The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)," Webpage, http://www.ietf.org/. Charles E. Perkins and Elizabeth M. Royer, "Adhoc on demand distance vector routing," in Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, Feb. 1999, pp. 90-100. Charles E. Perkins, "RFC 2002: IP mobility support," Oct. 1996, Updated by RFC~290. Status: PROPOSED STANDARD. Kevin Fall and Kannan Varadhan, ns Notes and Documentation, The VINT Project, Work in progress. Charles E. Perkins, Elizabeth M. Royer, and Samir R. Das, "Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV)routing," Internet draft (work in progress), IETF Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Working Group, June 1999, draft-ietf-manet-aodv-03.txt. Hui Lei and Charles E. Perkins, "Ad hoc networking with Mobile IP," in Proceedings of 2nd European Personal Mobile Communication Conference, Sept. 1997. IJAET/Vol.III/ Issue I/January-March, 2012/39-41 9 E-ISSN 0976-3945