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r;;;::an: Elementary
StlIIistics: AStep byStep
Approach, Fourth Edition
I Back Matter
I Appendix C: Tables
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Tables
'fj1bleA
TableB
.'fl'ble C
TableD
TableE
TabieF
'TabieG
··TableH
qTableI
.,'TableJ
TableK
--- TableL
.-_ TabieM
- TabieN
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Factorials
The Binomial Distribution
The Poisson Distribution
RandomNumbers
The StandardNormal Distribution
The t Distribution
The Chi-SquareDistribution
The F Distribution
CriticalValues for the PPMC
CriticalValuesfor the SignTest
CriticalValues for the Wilcoxon SignedRankTest
CriticalValuesfor the Rank CorrelationCoefficient
CriticalValues for the Numberof Runs
CriticalValuesfor the TukeyTest
668
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ... -
Q
Bluman: Elementary
Statistics: A Step by Step
BackMatter
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies, 2001
Glossary of Symbols
Approach, Fourth Edition
Glossary of Symbols
a
y intercept of a line
MR
Midrange
(¥
Probability of a type I error
MS B
Mean square between groups
b
Slope of a line
MS w
Mean square within groups (error)
(3
Probability of a type IT error
n
Sample size
C
Column:frequency
N
Population size
cf
Cumulative frequency
neE)
Number of ways E can occur
.c,
Number of combinations of n objects taking
rata time
n(S)
Number of outcomes in the sample space
0
Observed frequency
C.V.
Critical value
P
Percentile; Probability
CVar
Coefficient of variation
p
Probability; population proportion
D
Difference; decile
p
Sample proportion
15
Mean of the differences
p
Weighted estimate of p
dJ.
Degrees of freedom
P(BIA) Conditional probability
dJ.N.
Degrees of freedom, numerator
peE)
Probability of an event E
dJ.D.
Degrees of freedom, denominator
peE)
Probability of the complement of E
E
Event; expected frequency; maximum error
of estimate
.r;
Number of permutations of n objects taking
rat a time
E
Complement of an event
'iT
Pi.,., 3.14
e
Euler's constant s- 2.7183
Expected value
Q
q
Quartile
E(X)
f
Frequency
q
F
F test value; failure
q
I-p
1-p
F'
Critical value for the Scheffe test
R
Range; rank sum
MD
Median
Fs
Scheffe test value
GM
Geometric mean
1 - p; test value for Tukey test
Bluman: Elementary
Statistics: A Step by Step
Approach.Fourth Edition
I BackMatter
8
Kruskal-Wallis test value
80
I Glossary of Symbols
© The McGraw-Hili
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Spearman rank correlation coefficient
Null hypothesis
rs
S
Sample space; success
HI
Alternative hypothesis
S
Sample standard deviation
lIM:
Harmonic mean
s2
Sample variance
k
Number of samples
U
Population standard deviation
"-
Number of occurrences for the Poisson
distribution
u2
Population variance
Ux
Standard error of the mean
SD
Standard deviation of the differences
~
Summation notation
Sest
Standard error of estimate
Ws
SSB
Sum of squares between groups
Smaller sum of signed ranks, Wilcoxon
signed-rank test
X
Data value; number of successes for a
binomial distribution
SSw
Sum of squares within groups
sj-
Between-group variance
s*
t
Within-group variance
X
Sample mean
ttest value
x
Independent variable in regression
t0i/2
Two-tailed t critical value
Grand mean
JL
Population mean
Midpoint of a class
JLD
Mean of the population differences
XOM
Xm
X2
J.Lx
Mean of the sample means
y
Dependent variable in regression
w
Class width; weights
y'
Predicted y value
r
Sample correlation coefficient
Z
.R
Multiple correlation coefficient
Za/2
z test value or z score
Two-tailed critical z value
r2
Coefficient of determination
!
Factorial
p
Population correlation coefficient
Chi-square
I
Blank-TBrquin:
Engineering Economy, Fihh
Edition
Level One:ThisIs Howh
AllStarts
1. Foundations of
Engineering Economy
© The McGrew-Hili
Compenies. 2002
Foundations of
Engineering Economy
The need for engineering economy is primarily motivated by the work that
engineers do in performing analysis, synthesizinq, and coming to a conclusion as they work on projects of all sizes. In other words, engineering economy is at the heart of making decisions. These decisions involve the fundamental elements of cash flows of money, time, and interest rates. This
chapter introduces the basic concepts and terminology necessaryfor an engineer to combine these three essential elements in organized, mathematically correct ways to solve problems that will lead to better decisions. Many
of the terms common to economic decision making are introduced here and
used in later chapters of the text. Icons in the margins serve as back and forward cross-referencesto more fundamental and additional material throughout the book.
.
The case study included after the end-of-chapter problems focuses on
the development of engineering economy alternatives.
Blank-Tarquin:
Engineering Economy, Fifth
Edition
Level One: ThisIs How It
AllStarts
1.Foundations of
Engineering Economy
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies, 2002
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
This chapter will help you:
1.
Understand the types of questions engineering economy
can answer.
2.
Determine the role of engineering economy in the decisionmaking process.
3.
Identify what is needed to successfullyperform an
engineering economy study.
4.
Perform calculations about interest rates and rate of return.
5.
Understand what equivalence means in economic terms.
6.
Calculate simple interest and compound interest for one or
more interest periods.
7.
Identify and use engineering economy terminology and
symbols.
8.
Identify the Excel© spreadsheet functions commonly used to
solve engineering economy problems.
9.
Understand the meaning and use of Minirnum Attractive
Rate of Return (MARR).
10.
Understand cash flows, their estimation, and how to
graphically represent them.
11.
Use the rule of 72 to estimate a compound interest rate or
number of years for a present worth amount to double.
12.
Develop a spreadsheet that involves simple and compound
interest, incorporating sensitivity analysis.
8luman: Elementary
Statistics:AStep byStep
Approach. Fourth Edition
BackMatter
Appendix C:Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies, 2001
Appendix
Tables
669
Bluman: Elementary
Statistics: AStep byStep
APproach, Fourth Edition
Appendix Tables
BackMatter
Appendix C: Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies, 2001
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Bluman: Elementary
Statistics:AStepbyStep
Approach, Fourth Edition
BackMatter
AppendiX C: Tables
© The McGrew-Hili
Companies, 2001
Appenclix Tables
671
Bluman: Elementary
Statistics: AStep byStep
APproach, Fourth Edition
BackMatter
Appendix C: Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies, 2001
Appendix Tables
'.
Bluman: Elementary
Statistics: A Step byStep
Approach. Fourth Edition
BackMatter
Appendix C: Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies. 2001
Appendix Tables
673
Bluman: Elementary
Statistics: A Step byStep
Approach. Fourth Edition
I lIaCK MlIIIer
I "Pponulx "'; I UUI~:i
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I.,
Companies, 2001
Appendix Tables
Note: All valuesof 0.0005 or less are omitted.
Source: JohnE.Freund, Modem Elementary Statistics, 8th ed., © 1992. Reprintedby permissionof Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper SaddleRiver,
NewJersey.
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Bluman: Elementary
Statistics:AStep by Step
Approach. Fourth Edition
BackMatter
Appendix C:Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies. 2001
Appendix
Tables
675
r;;luman: Elementary
Statistics: AStep by Step
Approach, Fourth Edition
Appendix Tables
I BackMatter
I Appendix C: Tables
© The McGrew-Hili
Companies, 2001
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Bluman: Elementary
Statistics:A Step bV Step
Approach, Fourth Edition
BackMatter
Appendix C: Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies. 2001
Appendix Tables
677
Bluman: Elementary
Statistics: AStep byStep
Approach. Fourth Edition
Appendix Tables
BackMatter
Appendix C: Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies. 2001
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Bluman: Elementary
Statistics: A Step byStep
Approach. Fourth Edition
Back Matter
Appendix C: Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies, 2001
Appendix
Tables
679
r;;an: Elementary
Statistics: AStep by Step
APproach. Fourth Edition
I.BackMatter
I;~endix C:Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies, 2001
Appendix Tables
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Appendix C:Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies. 2001
Appendix Tables
61
Reprinted with permission from W. H. Beyer, Handbook ofTables for Probability and Statistics, 2nd ed. Copyright CRC Press, Boca Raton,
Florida, 1986.
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Bluman: Elementary
Statistics: A Step byStep
Approach, Fourth Edition
682
Appendix C: Tables
Back Matter
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies. 2001
Appendix Tables
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Florida, 1986.
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Dluman: Elementary
Statistics:AStep by Step
Approach, Fourth Edition
DackMatter
Appendix C:Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies. 2001
. Appendix Tables
683
Note: Use 0.4999for z valuesabove 3.09.
Source: FrederickMostellerand Robert E. K. Rourke,SturdyStatistics, TableA-I (Reading,Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1973). Reprinted with
'permission of the copyrightowners.
.
Area given
in table
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Statistics: A Step byStep
lilt::
ivunnaw-ruu
Companies. 2001
Approach. Fourth Edition
684
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Appendix Tables
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!>This valuehas been rounded to 1.65 in the textbook.
'This value has been rounded to 2.33 in the textbook.
dJ1ris valuehas been rounded to 2.58 in the textbook.
Source:Adaptedfrom W. H. Beyer, Handbook of Tables for Probability and Statistics. 2nd ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1986.
Reprintedwith permission.
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Bluman: Elementary
Statistics: AStep bV Step
Approach, Fourth Edition
Back Matter
Appendix C: Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies, 2001
Appendix Tables
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Source: Donald B. Owen. Handbook ofStatistics Tables, © 1962, by Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Inc .. Reading, Massachusetts. Table
A-5. Reprinted with permission ofAddison-Woo", Longman.
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Appendix Tables
Back Matter
AppendixC: Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies. 2001
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Statistics: A Step byStep
Approach, Fourth Edition
Back Matter
Appendix C: Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies. 2001
Appendix Tables
687
Bluman: Elementary
Statistics: AStep by Step
Approach. Fourth Edition
Appendix Tables
BackMatter
Appendix C: Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies. 2001
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Appendix Tables
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I BackMetter
Appendix C:Tables
Statistics:A StepbyStep
Approach. Fourth Edition
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies. 2001
Appendix Tables
691
Note: TableJ is for one-tailed or two-tailedtests. The term n representsthe totalnumberof + and - signs.The test value is the number of less frequent signs.
Source:FromJournal ofAmericanStatistical Association Vol. 41
(1946)pp. 557-66.W. J. Dixon andA. M. Mood.
Source: From Biometrika Tables for Statisticians Vol. 1 (1962)
p. 138.Reprinted withpermission.
Bluman: Elementary
St8tistics: A Step by Step
Approach, Fourth Edition
692
I BackMatter
I Appendix G:Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies, 2001
Appendix Tables
Source: From N. L. Johnsonand F. C. Leone,Statisticaland ExperimentalDesign, Vol. I (1964),p. 412. Reprinted with permission from the Instituteof MathematicalStatistics.
Source: From SomeRapid Approximate StatisticalProcedures,
Copyright1949, 1964LerderleLaboratories,American Cyanamid
Co.,Wayne, N.J. Reprinted withpermission.
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Bluman: Elementary
Statistics:AStep by Step
Approach, Fourth Edition
BackMatter
Appendix C: Tables
© The McGraw-Hili
Companies, 2001
Appendix Tables
693
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Source:Adaptedfrom C. Eisenhardtand F. Swed, 'Tables for TestingRandomness of Groupingin a Sequence of Alternatives," The Annals of
Statistics 14 (1943), pp. 83-86. Reprintedwith permission of the Institute of Mathematical Statisticsand of the Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, in whose publication,Elementary Statistics, 3rd ed. (1989), by Mario F. Triola,this table appears.
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