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Warm-up: Monday 1. Get organized! Put all of your Political Geography (P) notes and handouts together. 2. Set up your BINGO card! BINGO ! Political Geography Test Review GAME 1 • an area separated from the rest of a country • geopolitical term, originally used to describe the process of fragmentation or division of a region or state into smaller regions or states that are often hostile or uncooperative with one another. • EX - Yugoslavia Icelanders – Perfect ______ 1. People have loyalty to the nation and a belief in the nation 2. Government promotes the nation that coincides with the borders – Can build a single national identity out of divergent people • Boundaries created as a result of the Berlin Conference in 1884-1885 Ethnic Diversity Map A type of territorial shape that exhibits a narrow, elongated land extension leading away from the main body of the territory ‘protrusion’ is often peripheral from the core with differing culture and economy Thailand and Myanmar are leading examples THAILAND Shapes of States • An area organized into an independent political unit with its own population and the authority to govern its internal and external affairs • process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government (e.g., Basque and Catalonia in Spain, Chechnya in Russia, …). • The breakdown of a state into smaller political units • Very small independent countries that have sovereignty = meaning no other country has power over them • forces that unify a state – – national culture – shared ideological objectives – common faith • One central government controls everything • Power is not shared between states or provinces • majority of countries today • According to the 1982 convention, each country’s sovereign territorial waters extend to a maximum of 12 nautical miles (22 km) beyond its coast • Beyond its territorial waters, every coastal country may establish an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) extending 200 nautical miles from shore. A politico-geographic term to describe a state that possesses a circular, oval, or rectangular territory in which the distance from the center to any point on the boundary exhibits little variation Relatively easy to govern Cambodia, Uruguay, and Poland are examples CAMBODIA Shapes of States What the blue represents … • forces that divide a state – – internal religious, political, economic, linguistic, or ethnic differences • a country, or especially, an outlying portion of a country, entirely or mostly surrounded by the territory of another country. • Political boundaries that follow a feature of the landscape – Examples: mountains, rivers, deserts, lakes, oceans _______ –Nation without a state • This theory was adopted by the Germans during World War II and proposed that whoever controlled Eastern Europe and western Asia could control the world. Completely surrounded the territory of other states A ‘hole’ exists within the state’s territorial extent Access to the outside world is difficult for the ‘hole’ state – needs to be on friendly terms with the ‘perforated’ state South Africa is an excellent example (Lesotho and Swaziland are the ‘holes’) Other examples? Shapes of States • The state is an organism attached to the earth that competes with other states to thrive • State requires lebensraum – living space • Must devour other territories to achieve goal • The redrawing of political districts for political gain • Promotes economic growth in Europe • Common currency • Freer travel • this organization was founded in order to deter Soviet expansionism A state whose territory consists of several separated parts, not a contiguous whole The individual parts may be isolated from each other by the land area of other states or by international waters Separation is a challenge to communications and transportation; high regionalism Philippines and Indonesia are also examples. MALAYSIA Shapes of States • Geopolitical theory prominent from the 1950s to the 1980s, that speculated that if one country in a region came under the influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would follow GAME 2 • Geopolitical theory prominent from the 1950s to the 1980s, that speculated that if one country in a region came under the influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would follow A state whose territory consists of several separated parts, not a contiguous whole The individual parts may be isolated from each other by the land area of other states or by international waters Separation is a challenge to communications and transportation; high regionalism Philippines and Indonesia are also examples. MALAYSIA Shapes of States • this organization was founded in order to deter Soviet expansionism • Promotes economic growth in Europe • Common currency • Freer travel • The redrawing of political districts for political gain Completely surrounded the territory of other states A ‘hole’ exists within the state’s territorial extent Access to the outside world is difficult for the ‘hole’ state – needs to be on friendly terms with the ‘perforated’ state South Africa is an excellent example (Lesotho and Swaziland are the ‘holes’) Other examples? Shapes of States • The state is an organism attached to the earth that competes with other states to thrive • State requires lebensraum – living space • Must devour other territories to achieve goal • an area separated from the rest of a country • forces that divide a state – – internal religious, political, economic, linguistic, or ethnic differences _______ –Nation without a state A type of territorial shape that exhibits a narrow, elongated land extension leading away from the main body of the territory ‘protrusion’ is often peripheral from the core with differing culture and economy Thailand and Myanmar are leading examples THAILAND Shapes of States • Very small independent countries that have sovereignty = meaning no other country has power over them • forces that unify a state – – national culture – shared ideological objectives – common faith • The state is an organism attached to the earth that competes with other states to thrive • State requires lebensraum – living space • Must devour other territories to achieve goal • Boundaries created as a result of the Berlin Conference in 1884-1885 Ethnic Diversity Map • process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government (e.g., Basque and Catalonia in Spain, Chechnya in Russia, …). • The breakdown of a state into smaller political units Icelanders – Perfect ______ A politico-geographic term to describe a state that possesses a circular, oval, or rectangular territory in which the distance from the center to any point on the boundary exhibits little variation Relatively easy to govern Cambodia, Uruguay, and Poland are examples CAMBODIA Shapes of States GAME 3 • geopolitical term, originally used to describe the process of fragmentation or division of a region or state into smaller regions or states that are often hostile or uncooperative with one another. • EX - Yugoslavia 1. People have loyalty to the nation and a belief in the nation 2. Government promotes the nation that coincides with the borders – Can build a single national identity out of divergent people • The redrawing of political districts for political gain • An area organized into an independent political unit with its own population and the authority to govern its internal and external affairs • forces that unify a state – – national culture – shared ideological objectives – common faith • a country, or especially, an outlying portion of a country, entirely or mostly surrounded by the territory of another country. • According to the 1982 convention, each country’s sovereign territorial waters extend to a maximum of 12 nautical miles (22 km) beyond its coast • Beyond its territorial waters, every coastal country may establish an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) extending 200 nautical miles from shore. What the blue represents … • forces that divide a state – – internal religious, political, economic, linguistic, or ethnic differences A state whose territory consists of several separated parts, not a contiguous whole The individual parts may be isolated from each other by the land area of other states or by international waters Separation is a challenge to communications and transportation; high regionalism Philippines and Indonesia are also examples. MALAYSIA Shapes of States • Boundaries created as a result of the Berlin Conference in 1884-1885 Ethnic Diversity Map