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Internet in Cuba Doug Madory Nexus 2015 New York City April 30, 2015 Discovery of ALBA-1 Activation • Prior to ALBA-1, Cuba entirely reliant on satellite Internet • September 2007 – Venezuela and Cuba state telecoms announce plans to construct a submarine cable • Originally planned to be completed in 2009, but delayed • February 2011 – submarine cable construction is complete • No noticeable change in Internet service in Cuba • No mention of cable from Cuban government @DynResearch Discovery of ALBA-1 Activation • 14 January 2013: ALBA-1 began carrying Internet traffic @DynResearch Current State of Internet in Cuba @Name Current Internet Layout in Cuba (258k IP addresses) Everything goes through ETECSA Via ALBA-1 Via satellite Guantanamo Bay Naval Base • ETECSA is single point-of-failure for Cuban Internet • Haiti has 1/8th the GDP as Cuba, but is served by Natcom (Viettel, Vietnam) Digicel (Jamaica) Access Haiti @DynResearch Performance to Cuba @DynResearch Performance to Cuba • Continuous measurements into Cuba reveal diurnal patterns of latency spikes • Consistent with congested links – Internet gets slower when more people are online • However, latency spikes occur only during weekdays • Cuba is mostly online during work days, little home Internet access @DynResearch T W Th F S S M T W Th F THANK YOU! Doug Madory [email protected] @dynresearch @Name
