Download Open and View the Book - Ultrasound Physics Exam

 Pass Ultrasound Physics Exam
Match the Answers
By
Mansoor Khan
MBBS, RDMS, RDCS
©Copyright 2014 Pass Ultrasound Physics Exam Study Guide match the Answers 1 ©Copyright 2014 Blue Cube Venture, LLC All rights reserved. The Pass Ultrasound Physics Exam Match the Answers is protected by copyright. No part of this study guide review may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the copyright owner. Introduction
Practice Match the answers and prepare for ARDMS Sonography Principles and
Instrumentation (SPI) exam. Get the results you deserve. This book is devoted to the
ARDMS SPI exam and the material is based on the ARDMS physics exam outline. It
explains the concepts in very simple and easy to understand way. If you are preparing
to take ARDMS Ultrasound Physics Exam and looking for an ultrasound book which can
help you, the Pass Ultrasound Physics Exam Math the Answers is for you. You can
increase your chances to pass ARDMS Ultrasound Physics and Instrumentation exam
by practicing and memorizing these match the answers. It is simple, effective, and fast
so that you can succeed on your ARDMS test with a minimum amount of time spent
preparing for it.
Thank you for giving me the opportunity to help you. I will be improving this Match the
Answers book and adding more material in future. I am in this field for more than ten
years and my goal is to provide help to students and sonographers to become
successful in their field.
Mansoor Khan
MBBS, RDMS, RDCS
©Copyright 2014 Pass Ultrasound Physics Exam Study Guide match the Answers 2 TableofContents
Pulse Echo Instrumentation .......................................................................................................................... 4 Amplification ............................................................................................................................................. 7 Compensation ........................................................................................................................................... 9 Compression ........................................................................................................................................... 10 Demodulation ......................................................................................................................................... 11 Doppler Instrumentation ............................................................................................................................ 13 Hemodynamics ........................................................................................................................................... 20 Artifacts ....................................................................................................................................................... 29 Bioeffects .................................................................................................................................................... 34 Intensity ...................................................................................................................................................... 36 Propagation of Ultrasound ......................................................................................................................... 38 Pulse Ultrasound Principles ........................................................................................................................ 41 Resolution ................................................................................................................................................... 46 Sound Beam ................................................................................................................................................ 47 Ultrasound Transducers .............................................................................................................................. 52 Types of Ultrasound Transducers ............................................................................................................... 57 ©Copyright 2014 Pass Ultrasound Physics Exam Study Guide match the Answers 3 PulseEchoInstrumentation
output _____ is also called acoustic power, transmit power, transmit gain, power gain,
acoustic gain, output intensity, transmit voltage, output voltage
power
______ power controls the amplitude of the voltage that excites the PZT crystals
output
higher voltage causes ________ amplitude mechanical oscillation of the PZT crystal
higher
higher voltage produces higher amplitude _____ waves
sound
increasing output power can cause ________ and tissue damage
bioeffects
pulsar produces ________ signals which excite the PZT crystals in the transducer and
produce continuous and pulsed sound waves
electrical
pulsar is also known as the transmit ____ former
beam
pulsar also regulates the __________ of the electrical signals produced by changing the
acoustic output power
amplitude
the pulsar functions during the __________ phase
transmission
increasing pulsar voltage will increase _________ on the image
brightness
©Copyright 2014 Pass Ultrasound Physics Exam Study Guide match the Answers 4 there is a direct relationship between pulsar voltage and the returning echo _______
strength
beam former is a part of the transmitter that functions with array transducers during
___________ and reception
transmission
beam former creates the appropriate phase ______ and pulse sequencing to create the
transmit beam
delays
beam former also creates the appropriate phase delays and pulse ___________ to
create the receive beam
sequencing
random and persistent disturbance that reduces the clarity of a signal is called _____
noise
a comparison between the amount of meaningful information and contamination in an
image is called ______ to noise ratio
signal
to improve image quality ____ signal to noise ratio is desired
high
there is a direct relationship between output ______ and signal to noise ratio
power
amplitude level below which no signals are visible because of the presence of noise is
called _____ floor
noise
amplitude of the signal divided by the amplitude of the noise is called _____ to noise
ratio
signal
©Copyright 2014 Pass Ultrasound Physics Exam Study Guide match the Answers 5 signal to noise ratio is related to the ______ of the signal
quality
higher signal to noise ratio means _______ signal quality
better
a strong signal does not guarantee a ____ signal to noise ratio
good
a weak signal does not guarantee a ___ signal to noise ratio
bad
increasing the receiver gain does not ________ the signal to noise ratio
improve
when the overall gain is increased, the signal and noise are amplified by the ____
amount
same
random signals caused by electric amplification of small returning echoes is called
_________ noise
electronic
random __________ of electrons within the electronics creates electronic noise
excitation
electronic noise looks like white speckle with high receiver gain in _________ spectrum
Doppler
electronic noise looks like random color pixels where there is no flow in _____ Doppler
color
clutter happens when ______ returning echoes obliterate weaker signals
larger
©Copyright 2014 Pass Ultrasound Physics Exam Study Guide match the Answers 6 clutter is classified as noise but the signal from clutter and other noise sources are
distinctly _______
different
in electrical interference, the transducer receives energy from other ________ devices
or electromagnetic waves such as radio transmission
electrical
the electrical interference can be carried through the air or from the _____ supplying the
system
power
electrical interference looks like a bright flashlight down the middle of an _____ or a
barber pole flashing
image
the electrical interference appear on Doppler _______ as bright white horizontal or
zigzag lines in the spectrum called Doppler tones
spectrum
Amplification
each active _______ is connected to an amplifier and processing chain
element
amplifier and processing chain are collectively known as the receive _______
channel
256 to 512 active receive channels are present in ________systems
ultrasound
benefit of more receive channels in ultrasound systems is greater __________ flexibility
processing
©Copyright 2014 Pass Ultrasound Physics Exam Study Guide match the Answers 7