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A Review of
Atomic Structure
A SIMPLE VIEW OF ATOMIC STRUCTURE
The sub-atomic particles: protons, neutrons and electrons.
Sub-atomic
particle
PROTON
ELECTRON
NEUTRON
Relative mass
Relative charge
Position
A SIMPLE VIEW OF ATOMIC STRUCTURE
The sub-atomic particles: protons, neutrons and electrons.
Sub-atomic
particle
Relative mass
PROTON
1
ELECTRON
1/1836
NEUTRON
1
Relative charge
Position
A SIMPLE VIEW OF ATOMIC STRUCTURE
The sub-atomic particles: protons, neutrons and electrons.
Sub-atomic
particle
Relative mass
Relative charge
PROTON
1
+1
ELECTRON
1/1836
-1
NEUTRON
1
0
Position
A SIMPLE VIEW OF ATOMIC STRUCTURE
The sub-atomic particles: protons, neutrons and electrons.
Sub-atomic
particle
Relative mass
Relative charge
Position
PROTON
1
+1
nucleus
ELECTRON
1/1836
-1
shells around
nucleus
NEUTRON
1
0
nucleus
The nucleus
• centre of the atom
• contains the protons and neutrons
• protons and neutrons are collectively known as nucleons
• mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus. Why?
No. of protons = ATOMIC NUMBER of the atom
(proton number)
No. of protons + no. of neutrons = MASS NUMBER of the atom
(nucleon number )
How many protons and neutrons has this atom got?
9 protons
10 neutrons
Isotopes
• same number of protons, but the number of neutrons
varies
mass
Isotope
protons
neutrons
number
Carbon-12
Carbon-13
Carbon-14
Isotopes
• same number of protons, but the number of neutrons
varies
mass
Isotope
protons
neutrons
number
Carbon-12
Carbon-13
Carbon-14
6
6
12
Isotopes
• same number of protons, but the number of neutrons
varies
mass
Isotope
protons
neutrons
number
Carbon-12
6
6
12
Carbon-13
6
7
13
Carbon-14
Isotopes
• same number of protons, but the number of neutrons
varies
mass
Isotope
protons
neutrons
number
Carbon-12
6
6
12
Carbon-13
6
7
13
Carbon-14
6
8
14